1. Cobalt alloys have higher melting points than nickel (or iron) alloys ,This gives them the ability to absorb stress to a higher absolute temperature .
2. Cobalt alloys give superior hot corrosion resistance to gas turbine atmospheres , this is due to their high chromium content.
3. Cobalt alloys show superior thermal fatigue resistance and weldability over nickel alloys .
---Excellent wear and corrosion resistance even at high temperature up to 800℃
SYTOP cobalt base alloys is a range of cobalt-chromium-Tungsten Alloys with wear resistance, corrosion and high thermal resistance. It is widely used in oil & gas, machinery, wood cutting, automotive, paper and food processing industry etc.
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As a modern complex production tool, machine tools are one of the most important tools in the development of human productivity. The "advancedness" of machine tools determines human productivity and labor productivity. As the most developed technology in the world in the world, in the one hundred years of the 20th century, its machine tool technology has been in the world's leading position. Similarly, its automobile industry and aerospace industry rank first in the world. In 2008, the United States' GDP was 13.98 trillion US dollars, which averaged 310 million people, and its per capita GDP was 45,000 US dollars. China has a population of 1.33 billion. In 2008, the national GDP was only 3.37 trillion US dollars, which is one quarter of that of the United States. The per capita GDP is only one-eighteenth of that of the United States. What is the reason? The level of productivity is low. The level of productivity is fundamentally dependent on the level of technology.
In order to speed up the process of industrialization, China must fundamentally start to raise scientific and technological productive forces. In addition to vigorously cultivating talents, it is essential to attach importance to infrastructure construction. As an industrial machine, the revitalization of the machine tool industry is a top priority.
Knowing ourselves and knowing each other, you can win every battle. Throughout the objective laws of the development of the world's machine tool industry, machine tools, as production tools, belong to the category of fixed assets. Therefore, the development of the machine tool industry is closely related to the economic status of the world's countries and the fixed assets investment. During the economic boom period, there were more investment in fixed assets, the number of machine tools required increased, and the requirements for technological advancement were also high. Accordingly, scientific research was also strengthened, and the overall development of the machine tool industry was fast. vice versa. An obvious example: In 2009, the world suffered a severe economic crisis. The world's GDP fell by 2.2%, and global trade volume fell by 13%. Due to shortage of funds, fixed asset investment contracted. In 2009, the world's machine tool industry's total output value fell by 32%. The world's machine tool consumption fell by 33%, exports fell by 38%, and imports fell by 41%. This is the most serious year in the world's machine tool industry, output value, consumption, and import and export in the first decade of the 21st century.
Looking at the growth of the output value and consumption of the machine tool industry at the end of the 20th century, it also reflects the close relationship with the overall economic situation. In the four years from 1980 to 1983, global GDP showed a downward trend, and the output value of the machine tool industry dropped from $26.5 billion in 1980 to $19.15 billion in 1983. Between 1984 and 1991, the world economy began to rise, and the value of the machine tool industry rose from $19.25 billion in 1984 to $42.45 billion.
The reason for the analysis is that in the late 1980s, the world economy was booming, capital was sufficient, investment in fixed assets continued to increase, machine tool research funding increased, and the global machine tool industry showed a thriving development. At that time, CNC machine tool technology also developed rapidly. Not only has it invested heavily in the development of FMS (Flexible Manufacturing System), but also the research on CIMS (Computer Integrated Manufacturing System) has gradually started, forming a new wave of world machine tool new technology and development and innovation. At that time, the "fever" state of the machine tool industry was still fresh in memory.
However, since 1992, the trend of the world economy has changed. The total output value and consumption of the machine tool industry have started to decline with the decline of global GDP. At the same time, for the FMS and CIMS products with more advanced technology, the R&D investment is too high. Many key aspects of technology have not yet been resolved, and thus have entered a period of low development. In 1992, the world machine tool output dropped from US$42.45 billion in 1991 to US$34.12 billion, a decrease of 19.6%. Since 1993, the world economy has risen in a wave-like manner, and the output value and consumption of machine tools have gradually increased. In 1996, the world's machine tool output rose to 38.03 billion US dollars, and by 2004, it had reached 45.63 billion US dollars. Undoubtedly, the global economic ups and downs have a certain impact on the machine tool industry. Moreover, a global financial crisis has a deeper impact on the machine tool industry.
This point is supported by the increase in machine tool output, consumption, and import and export volume in 28 countries and regions in the world in 2009.
Among the 28 countries and regions within the statistical scope, in 2009, except for China's growth of 7.4% and Austria's growth of 2%, the other 26 countries showed different degrees of decline. China is due to the adoption of industrial revitalization plans by the state and increased investment, which has boosted the growth of the machine tool industry. Austria is a transit country for the global machine tool trade. The world's major machine tool manufacturing countries, Germany's machine tool industry, output value fell 33%, Japan fell 54%, the United States fell 41%, Switzerland fell 47%, and so on.
At the same time, global machine tool consumption fell by 33% year-on-year. Since China and Brazil have adopted certain measures to stimulate economic growth, their consumption growth has been zero, and the rest of the countries (regions) have shown a downward trend. In 2009, German machine tool consumption fell by 44%, the United States fell by 51%, Japan fell by 57%, Italy fell by 48%, and so on.
In addition, global machine tool exports fell by an overall 38%, and imports fell by an overall 41%. In this global financial crisis, market demand began to decrease drastically, and machine tool manufacturing enterprises were short of funds. Machine tool production and R&D were inevitably affected to a certain extent.
In October 2009, at the EMO (European International Machine Tool Show), the world's largest machine tool exhibition held in Milan, Italy, it showed signs of weakening exhibition scale, reduced business activities and sharp decline in exhibitors. At the same time, most companies are still in the midst of cloud shortages and reduced orders. For example, in the first half of 2009, German machine tool orders also fell by 67%, setting a record low.
This economic crisis has had a major negative impact on the innovative research and development of machine tool technology. However, it is gratifying that the pace of continuous market development and innovation has not stopped.
After the world financial crisis, the world's machine tool output in 2009 was 55.19 billion US dollars, returning to the level of 53.83 billion US dollars in 2005. In the next five years, the future development of the world machine tool industry will depend on the recovery process of the world economic crisis. Of course, the situation of countries and regions will be different, depending on the correctness of the countermeasures taken by countries around the world for the economic crisis.
According to the forecast of the United Nations Organization on January 20, 2010, the world economy will recover moderately in 2010. World GDP fell by 2.2% in 2009 and is expected to grow by 2.4% in 2010. But if governments stop stimulating spending too early, the economy may fall into recession again. On June 27th, the G20 leaders’ fourth summit was held in Toronto, Canada. The decision was to reduce the deficit and grasp the global recovery. It is expected that with the joint efforts of all countries, the world economy will gradually pick up in five years, and the world machine tool industry will continue to rise. If it goes smoothly, the world machine tool output value in 2015 may approach the level of 81.34 billion US dollars in 2008.
Throughout the development trend of the world's machine tool technology, after three major stages, namely manual ordinary machine tools: the world's first to 1932 combination machine tools in 1769; efficient automatic machine tools: the first automatic machine tool line in 1934; CNC machine tools: 1952 The first CNC machine tool has been heretofore.
At present, the technical level of the world's machine tools is from the production promotion of CNC machine bed machine as the mainstream. Development in the next 20 years will still be the subject. On the basis of further improving accuracy, efficiency, automation, intelligence, and networking, we will gradually transition to processing units and cutting-edge flexible manufacturing systems.
However, after experiencing the development process of learning, imitation and independent innovation, China's machine tool industry still has a certain gap between the precision, efficiency, automation, intelligence, environmental protection and other advanced levels. In the final analysis, these gaps are manifested in the talent gap, which is mainly reflected in these aspects: First, the basic knowledge is not solid. The theoretical content of the technical personnel of the machine tool industry in China is relatively simple and backward, and the practical opportunities are even less. There are few, after entering the job, the theory and practice have a fault; the second is the lack of innovation, this aspect is the problem of the talent itself, on the other hand, it highlights the defects in the R&D mechanism of the machine tool enterprise. Since most companies do not have a systematic R&D platform, the product development process is only an extension of the machine tool performance according to customer needs, and the true product development needs to be combined with user requirements, processing technology, machine tool layout, transmission control, etc. Aspect information and knowledge are integrated. At present, China's machine tool industry is still quite lacking such experts.
Although China's machine tool industry has developed strongly over the years, it has been following the old road in terms of technology and strategy, and has not fundamentally changed its thinking. Therefore, in the future development, how to adopt the correct development strategy is the key to the problem.
First of all, it is urgent to cultivate a full range of expert talents, and to train a group of technical backbones who are proficient in technology, familiar with the objective development rules of machine tools, and understand the development trend of the world's machine tool technology.
Secondly, we must conscientiously sum up the experience and lessons of the development of China's machine tool industry in the past 60 years, carry forward the advantages, overcome the shortcomings, and conduct in-depth research in enterprises. At the same time, we should also learn from the development experience of advanced manufacturing countries such as the United States, Germany and Japan, and pay attention to practice.
Secondly, we must do a good job in basic work, pay attention to the basic technologies such as machine, electricity, liquid and gas required for machine tools, and increase support for enterprises and institutions engaged in these aspects. At the same time, for the development of machine tool-related industries such as functional components, parts, CNC systems, tools, measuring, and accessories, it is required to improve the independent productivity and ensure the accuracy and reliability, thus promoting the overall development of the machine tool industry.
Finally, we should establish a development attitude of “strategic contempt and tactical attentionâ€. It is a long-term and extremely difficult battle for China's machine tools to catch up with the world's advanced level and accelerate the development of high-end CNC machine tools. It is impossible to succeed in one fell swoop. If you violate the objective law, you will often lose your desire. Emphasis on tactics means that there must be scientific and rigorous development ideas, thoroughly eliminate the blind and exaggerated mistakes of the past, and grasp technological innovation and high quality and efficiency in all aspects.
In the future, the competition of the machine tool industry in the world will intensify. China's machine tool industry must use the three elements of “talent, tools and resources†in order to reach the peak of the world's advanced level. Under the guidance of the government's correct decision-making, it is close to the market and closely tracks advanced technologies. The development trend, the next heart, the perseverance, can finally be a positive result.
China's machine tool industry is entering a critical period of development
Abstract At present, China's machine tool industry has entered a critical period of development. It is necessary to scientifically combine the needs of industrial development and organize the rhythm of industrial restructuring. This process is based on the complexity of seeking truth from facts, paying attention to practical results and scientific attitudes. System engineering. From politics...
At present, China's machine tool industry has entered a critical period of development. It is necessary to scientifically combine the needs of industrial development and organize the rhythm of industrial restructuring. This process is based on the complexities of seeking truth from facts, paying attention to practical results and scientific attitudes. System engineering. From the relevant government departments to enterprises, they should be carried out in an orderly and steady manner. Leaders should set targets and conduct regular inspections, staged experience summaries, and effectively improve the problems encountered in the transition. The practice of going through the game will delay the fighters.