The conceptual model of China's future double-decker high-speed EMU developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences was disclosed by the media and attracted attention. What is the current development status of double-decker high-speed EMUs in the world? What technology is the most economical and safe? On the same day, in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily, Zhang Weihua, a professor at Southwest Jiaotong University, said that the next generation of high-speed trains in Germany and France advocated the use of double-decker EMU technology, whose goal is to improve passengers' riding capacity, provide transportation capacity, and improve economy . "As far as speed is concerned, as long as the design technical problems such as low center of gravity and large capacity are solved, the single-layer speed runs at 350 kilometers per hour, and the double-layer motor car speed should be no problem." Zhang Weihua said. When the train runs at a high speed, if the car body is increased by a high load, it will be unstable due to the centrifugal force when turning at a high speed. This is also the most critical for the development of double-layer high-speed EMUs. Zhang Weihua believes that as long as the vehicle's center of gravity is low, at a prescribed equilibrium speed, that is, the centrifugal force and the super-high lateral gravity component of the curve cancel out, the safety is not only no problem, but will be better. How to achieve a large body with a low center of gravity? "The next generation of high-speed trains in Germany hopes to use independent rotating wheel technology to enable the entire train to achieve a low floor to maintain a good double-layer space." Zhang Weihua said. The so-called independent rotation of the wheels means that the two wheels are mounted on the axle through rolling bearings. The wheels can rotate freely with respect to the axle without the axle having to rotate. "Compared with the rigid wheelsets of rail vehicles, the independent rotation of the wheelset shaking head and lateral movement are no longer coupled, and the decoupling of the left and right wheels is achieved. In theory, there is no longitudinal creep force, so there will be no snake instability. Zhang Weihua explained that there is no limit to the critical speed of serpentine, so that vehicles with independent wheels can achieve higher running speeds. At the same time, since the axle does not rotate during operation, the common axle can be eliminated, or the axle can be made concave to reduce the height of the floor surface. In addition to the low-floor technology, Zhang Donghua believes that it also includes the overall technology of the car body layout, including the layout of the passenger room and seats (or sleepers), the problem of the boarding of the original under-vehicle equipment, and the large-capacity car body technology (structure design) And manufacturing). Public information shows that in the traditional high-speed rail power, double-decker EMU technology is relatively mature. For example, the French TGV Duplex EMU has experienced long-term operation and many improvements, can increase passenger traffic by 50%, and can continue to run at a speed of 320 kilometers per hour. It is the king of double-decker high-speed EMUs. Japan had a double-decker high-speed rail EMU 20 years ago. The Shinkansen E4 series has been on the line since 1997. It has a speed of 240 kilometers per hour, 16 cars and a capacity of 1,634 people. It is the world's most high-speed vehicle carrying passengers. China's current 16-section long-formed "Fuxing" EMU has a capacity of 1193 people per train. The 17-section super-long formation "Fuxing" EMU just released before the Spring Festival has a capacity of 1,283 per train. The development of double-decker EMUs in China is also underway. In November 2018, it made its debut for the power-dispersed aluminum alloy double-layer EMU developed by CRRC Zhuji. The car adopts a streamlined front, and the whole car adopts a modular design concept, which can realize 4/6/8 section formation; the 8 section formation model has a total of 820 seats and a maximum capacity of 1708 passengers. According to reports, double-decker EMUs are aimed at the international market, with 160 km / h as the basic technology platform, core components such as car bodies and bogies are designed and verified according to the standards of high-speed EMUs, and can be upgraded according to different needs to achieve speeds of 160 per hour Various speed grades above kilometers. At the same time, the whole vehicle adopts lightweight design, compound brake control, safety, energy saving and environmental protection. "Although it is a double-decker EMU, its vehicle limits are the same as the single-floor." 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