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I. Gravity Division (Level) Matching Method The geopotential division (level) matching method is to use soil survey, cultivated land fertility survey and local field test data to divide the soil into several grades according to the fertility level, or to draw a field with equal fertility. As a formula area, re-apply data and field trial results, combined with local practical experience, estimate the appropriate fertilizer types and their application rates in this formula area. The advantage of this method is that it is relatively simple, and the proposed fertilizer dosage and measures are close to local experience. The method is simple and the people are easy to accept. The disadvantage is that the limitations are large. Each formula can only be adapted to areas with small differences in production levels, and it relies on more general experience and is not targeted for specific fields. In the process of promotion, it is necessary to combine experimental demonstrations and gradually expand the proportion of scientific testing methods and theoretical guidance.
Second, the target yield allocation method The target yield allocation method is based on the composition of crop yield, the principle of the supply of nutrients from the soil itself and fertilization to calculate the amount of fertilizer. First determine the target yield, and the amount of nutrients needed to achieve this yield, then calculate the amount of nutrients that the crop needs to supplement in addition to the nutrients supplied by the soil, and finally determine how much fertilizer to apply. Including nutrient balance method and ground force subtraction method.
Third, the field test method The principle of the field test method is to conduct a multi-point field test by simple single comparison, or the application of more complex orthogonal, regression and other experimental design, so as to select the optimal treatment to determine the amount of fertilizer application.
1. Fertilizer effect function method: The multi-level regression design of single factor, two factors or multi-factors is used to carry out the layout test, and the yields of different treatments are mathematically calculated to obtain the fertilizer effect equation between yield and fertilization amount. According to its functional relationship, the different yield-increasing effects of different elemental fertilizers and the combined effects of various fertilizers can be visually seen, the upper and lower limits of fertilization can be determined, and the amount of economic fertilization can be calculated as the basis for actual fertilization. The advantage of this method is that it can objectively reflect the single and comprehensive effects of fertilizers and other factors. The accuracy of fertilization is high, which is in line with the actual situation. The shortcoming is that the regional limitations are strong. Different soils, climates, farming, varieties, etc. need to be arranged in different experiments. .
2, nutrient abundance index method: This is one of the field test methods. This method utilizes the correlation between the measured values ​​of soil nutrients and the nutrients absorbed by the crops, and the different crops are passed through field trials, and the measured values ​​of the soils are classified according to the yields obtained by different soil nutrient values. Make a comparison table of nutrient abundance and fertilization amount. In practical applications, as long as the soil nutrient value is measured, the amount of fertilizer applied can be determined from the control list.
3. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio method: This method is also a kind of field test method. The principle is to obtain the best ratio of various nutrients in a certain crop with different yields through field experiments, and then to quantify a nutrient according to the ratio of various nutrients. To determine the amount of fertilizer used in other nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, phosphorus, potassium, etc.
Three methods of soil testing and formula fertilization
The soil testing formula fertilization methods promoted in various places can be summarized into three categories: six methods: the first type is the land division method: the second type is the target yield method, including the nutrient balance method and the soil difference subtraction method; the third type is the field test method. Including fertilizer effect function method, nutrient abundance index method, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio method.
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