Mustard black spot disease occurs mostly in the rainy season, and in severe cases, it will reduce the quality and reduce the quantity. Timely pesticide control is critical.
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Pathogen Alternariabrassciae
Symptoms of the leaves mostly start from the outer leaves. The lesions are round, brown or dark brown, 4 to 6 mm large or larger, with obvious concentric patterns, and sometimes a yellow halo around the circumference. The lesions on the stem and petiole are longitudinally stripped, dark brown, slightly concave. The lesions on the peduncle and the seed pod are brown and the shape is variable. Black mold on the lesions when wet. When the disease is severe, the leaf lesions often converge, causing the leaves to die or the whole leaves to dry up.
The pathogens of the disease mainly overwinter with mycelium or conidia on the diseased or seed or on the winter storage. In addition, the plant can also carry the bacteria for winter. The germs spread by the wind and rain. The pathogen can grow and develop in the range of 10 to 35 °C, and the optimum temperature is about 17 °C. High humidity is required, relative humidity is above 80%, and if the relative humidity is lower than 75%, the disease is generally mild or not. According to the pesticide network , the early stage of autumn-sown cabbage is from late August to early September, and the rapid growth period is between September 19 and October 7, and the development is generally smooth after October 10. The disease epidemic has nothing to do with the absolute value of rainfall from late September to early October, but it is related to the number of days of rainfall. If there is more than 4 days of rainfall here, especially if it is rainy, the disease may be prevalent. It can be seen that high humidity, heavy rain and low temperature are the key factors in the onset. The incidence is related to the cultivation conditions. If the planting is early, the density is high, the terrain is low, the management is extensive, the water shortage is lack of fertilizer, the plant growth is poor, the disease resistance is weak, and the disease is generally heavy.
Control method 1 Selected varieties of disease-resistant varieties: Xiaoqingkou, Qingqing, Beijing New No. 1, Beijing New No. 5, Beijing 88, Zhengza No. 2, Luoyang Tokyo No. 3, Zhengbai No. 4, Jinqing No. 9, Jin No. 3, Shuangqing 156, Shuangqing and other resistant varieties.
2 Seed disinfection Seeds were planted from disease-free plants, or the seeds were soaked in warm water at 50 ° C for 25 minutes, then immediately transferred to cold water, and then the seeds were taken out to dry and seeded. It can also be seeded with 50% of the seed weight of 0.3% of the chlorhexidine wettable powder, or with 50% of the acesulfame powder of the seed weight of 0.4%.
3 Strengthen management, implement the rotation and implement non-cruciferous vegetable rotation for 2 years, and arrange the Chinese cabbage field as far as possible from the cruciferous vegetable vegetable field. Apply the base fertilizer, but apply the high-quality organic fertilizer that has been decomposed, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. If there are conditions, the formula can be used to make the plant grow better and improve the disease resistance of the plant. Diseased leaves and diseased bodies should be removed from the field in time to be buried or burned.
4 In the early stage of drug prevention and treatment, 50% phorhin WP 1000 times solution, or 50% carbendazim WP 800 times solution, or 50% thiram double WP 500 times solution, or 40% sterilized Dan WP 400 times solution, or 64% anti-virus WP WP 500 times solution, or 50% keeling WP 1000 times solution, China Pesticide Network recommends 70% mancozeb WP 400 times solution, etc. The spray of the drug is sprayed once every 7 days, and even sprayed 3 to 4 times.