At 11:10 a.m. on April 21st, the insulation material of the 6th-floor outer wall of the Yidajiete high-rise residential building in Dalian Xinghai Square caught fire, and the scene was filled with smoke. After the fire department put out all efforts, until 11:42, the fire was completely extinguished, and no casualties were found. After preliminary investigation and investigation on site, the fire was located on the 6th floor of Building 2, which has 34 floors. Although the fire has been extinguished and no casualties have been caused, the hazards of high-rise fires should be brought to our attention. 1. Important points for fire protection in high-rise buildings What is high-level? The fire protection technical standards clearly define high-rise buildings and super-high-rise buildings: for residential buildings, such as residential buildings, the number of building floors is 10 or above, which belongs to high-rise buildings; public buildings other than residential buildings, if A building with a height of more than 24 meters is a high-rise building; whether it is a residential building or a public building, a building with a height of more than 100 meters is a super high-rise building. 2. Requirements for high-rise building construction The horizontal distance between the closest edges of the doors, windows and openings on both sides of the firewall shall not be less than 2.00m; when the horizontal distance is less than 2.00m, fixed Class B fire doors and windows shall be installed. The equipment room, ventilation, and air-conditioning room of the automatic fire extinguishing system in the high-rise building shall be separated from other parts by partition walls with a fire resistance rating of not less than 2.00h, floor slabs of 1.50h, and Class A fire doors. When the metal load-bearing structure of the house is adopted, non-combustible materials should be used for the ceiling, lookout board, and insulation materials. The roof metal load-bearing components should be covered with non-combustible materials or sprayed with fireproof paint, or an automatic sprinkler system. Non-combustible materials should be used for the base of the deformation joint structure. Cables, flammable gas pipelines, and Class A, B, and C liquid pipelines should not be laid in deformation joints. When it passes through the deformation joint, a sleeve of non-combustible material should be added at the place of penetration, and the space between the sleeves should be packed tightly with non-combustible material. The smoke exhaust port should be set on the ceiling or on the wall near the ceiling, and the minimum horizontal distance between the adjacent edges of the safety exits in the direction of the walkway should not be less than 1.50m. The smoke exhaust port on the ceiling, away from combustible The distance between components or combustibles should not be less than 1.0m. The smoke exhaust port should be closed at ordinary times, and manual and automatic opening devices should be provided. Smoke exhaust pipes must be made of non-combustible materials. The heat insulation layer of the smoke exhaust pipe installed in the ceiling shall be made of non-combustible materials, and shall be kept at a distance of not less than 150mm from combustible materials. At 11:10 a.m. on April 21st, the insulation material of the 6th-floor outer wall of the Yidajiete high-rise residential building in Dalian Xinghai Square caught fire, and the scene was filled with smoke. After the fire department put out all efforts, until 11:42, the fire was completely extinguished, and no casualties were found. After preliminary investigation and investigation on site, the fire was located on the 6th floor of Building 2, which has 34 floors. Although the fire has been extinguished and no casualties have been caused, the hazards of high-rise fires should be brought to our attention. 3. Important points for fire protection in high-rise buildings What is high-level? The fire protection technical standards clearly define high-rise buildings and super-high-rise buildings: for residential buildings, such as residential buildings, the number of building floors is 10 or above, which belongs to high-rise buildings; public buildings other than residential buildings, if A building with a height of more than 24 meters is a high-rise building; whether it is a residential building or a public building, a building with a height of more than 100 meters is a super high-rise building. 4. Requirements for high-rise building construction The horizontal distance between the closest edges of the doors, windows and openings on both sides of the firewall shall not be less than 2.00m; when the horizontal distance is less than 2.00m, fixed Class B fire doors and windows shall be installed. The equipment room, ventilation, and air-conditioning room of the automatic fire extinguishing system in the high-rise building shall be separated from other parts by partition walls with a fire resistance rating of not less than 2.00h, floor slabs of 1.50h, and Class A fire doors. When the metal load-bearing structure of the house is adopted, non-combustible materials should be used for the ceiling, lookout board, and insulation materials. The roof metal load-bearing components should be covered with non-combustible materials or sprayed with fireproof paint, or an automatic sprinkler system. Non-combustible materials should be used for the base of the deformation joint structure. Cables, flammable gas pipelines, and Class A, B, and C liquid pipelines should not be laid in deformation joints. When it passes through the deformation joint, a sleeve of non-combustible material should be added at the place of penetration, and the space between the sleeves should be packed tightly with non-combustible material. The smoke exhaust port should be set on the ceiling or on the wall near the ceiling, and the minimum horizontal distance between the adjacent edges of the safety exits in the direction of the walkway should not be less than 1.50m. The smoke exhaust port on the ceiling, away from combustible The distance between components or combustibles should not be less than 1.0m. The smoke exhaust port should be closed at ordinary times, and manual and automatic opening devices should be provided. Smoke exhaust pipes must be made of non-combustible materials. The heat insulation layer of the smoke exhaust pipe installed in the ceiling shall be made of non-combustible materials, and shall be kept at a distance of not less than 150mm from combustible materials. (1) Keep the fire escape passage open In a fire in a high-rise building, the staircase leading to the balcony is called the "life passage", so it is often necessary to maintain the fire escape. According to the provisions of the Fire Protection Law, high-rise platforms belong to fire-fighting platforms and assume fire-fighting functions. They can be used as helipads for helicopters. Once a fire occurs at the high-level, citizens cannot get off the building. No unit or individual may occupy, block, or close evacuation passages, safety exits, or fire truck passages. However, at present, there are many high-rise buildings that use fire escapes as temporary storage sites for debris, and high-rise platforms are locked. Now, in order to further explore and innovate fire supervision and management methods, some provinces and cities have effectively strengthened the supervision of high-risk fire areas such as densely populated places, implemented dynamic supervision of evacuation passages, and solved prominent problems such as occupation of fire truck passages and the dismissal of fire control rooms. Effectively prevent the occurrence of heavy and extremely large fires, especially mass casualties and fire accidents, and actively promote the fire safety "life channel" intelligent monitoring system. (2) Fire-fighting facilities should not be used as decoration Fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, etc. are essential firefighting facilities for high-rise buildings. However, in some buildings, although these equipments are available, they cannot be used. Fire hydrants have no water, fire extinguishers have not been inspected and expired for a long time, and alarm bells are in disrepair. A series of problems, etc., made the fire-fighting facilities that should have functioned into furnishings. 5. How to escape from high-rise buildings? If you find a high-level fire, you should first call the police immediately, and at the same time quickly organize family members and neighbors to escape. Never venture into the fire to rescue property. If you hear an alarm or a loud noise outside, you must first stay calm, figure out the situation, obey the command to escape, and do not run blindly or jump from the building. To use the fire escape to escape, never take the elevator. Usually have to understand the passages, evacuation signs and instructions of high-rise buildings. If you live relatively high, you cannot jump blindly even if you have a safety cushion underneath. You can choose to go down to remind firefighters to rescue. If the fire is too large to escape through the fire escape channel, the correct method is to clean the indoor combustible objects, put a lot of water to eliminate the threat of open flames to the doors and windows, and then close the doors and windows that communicate with the combustion area to prevent the entry of smoke and toxic gases. Wait for the fire to go out or the fire department to rescue. If you have to escape, keep crawling low, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel. To avoid fire, you can usually do some preventive work, equipped with some escape tools, including: "whistle, waist axe, smoke mask, strong light flashlight" "escape 4 piece set", regular escape drills, familiar with the best escape route , Take precautions.
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