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Re-application of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer will not lead to the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables, but also improve the quality of vegetables. The organic fertilizer is preferably applied after being fermented by high temperature stacking or biogas fermentation, which can kill germs and eggs, reduce the application amount of pesticides, and increase the yield and quality of vegetables. Vegetables grown with biogas fertilizer are the best pollution-free vegetables.
Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied as early base fertilizer or top dressing in seedling stage, which is beneficial to the early growth of vegetables and is beneficial to reduce the accumulation of nitrate in soil and vegetables.
The deep application of nitrogen fertilizer to the soil layer of 10~15 cm can reduce the loss of nitrogen and increase the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer. In deep soil, the soil air is in an anaerobic condition, and the nitrification is slow, which can reduce the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables.
The amount of nitrate in vegetables controlled by nitrogen application increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate. The nitrogen application rate per mu should be controlled within 30 kg, 70%~80% of which should be used as deep fertilizer for base fertilizer, and 20%~30% for deep application of seedling fertilizer.
No or little application of nitrate-nitrogen fertilizer and nitrate-containing compound fertilizer can easily cause nitrate accumulation in vegetables, so it is not suitable for use on vegetables. Ammonium nitrogen fertilizer and ammonium amide fertilizer, such as ammonium sulfate and carbonic acid, can be used. Ammonium hydroxide, urea, etc.
Due to the different types of vegetables fertilized by vegetables, the degree of absorption and accumulation of nitrate is different. Cabbage and green leafy vegetables are easy to accumulate nitrate, and nitrate fertilizer cannot be used. Solanum, fruit and root vegetables are used for nitrate accumulation. Less, can be applied properly, but the application of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped within 15~30 days before harvest.
Leafy vegetables are not suitable for foliar application of leafy foliage to spray nitrogen fertilizer, which is directly in contact with air. Ammonium nitrogen is easily converted into nitrate nitrogen and absorbed by leaves, increasing nitrate accumulation. Spraying other types of fertilizer from the foliage can also easily contaminate the leaves, resulting in poor food.
It is easy to be polluted by pouring sewage into sewage without using sewage. Any sewage discharged from factories and mines contains more toxic substances such as chlorine, arsenic, tin and lead, and should not be used for watering vegetables. Urban domestic sewage should be treated harmlessly, and after killing germs and eggs, it can be mixed with clear water.
How to reduce fertilizer pollution in vegetable production
In recent years, with the increasing production area of ​​pollution-free vegetables, especially the rapid increase of the cultivation area of ​​vegetable facilities, the problems of fertilizer waste and serious pollution in the cultivation process have become increasingly prominent, which has led to the production and quality of vegetables to some extent. Decline. In response to the problem of fertilizer pollution in vegetable production, the following suggestions are made:
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