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High-speed cutting is a major process technology for high-performance machining and has been widely used in aviation, mold, automotive and other industries. Because the high-speed rotation of the machine tool spindle (8000 ~ 60,000r / min) will produce centrifugal high-speed, high-pressure airflow around the tool, relying on conventional methods to increase the flow rate of cutting fluid and reduce the temperature rise of cutting can not achieve the desired effect. The use of effective cooling and lubrication conditions can effectively reduce the cutting temperature, improve the cutting friction state, and inhibit tool wear, which is the main technical way to further improve the processing efficiency. At the same time, a variety of environmentally friendly new green cutting technologies have emerged in the field of metal cutting, such as dry, liquid nitrogen cooling, spray cooling, air cooling and micro lubrication cutting. Wait.
Minimal Quantity Lubrication (MQL) cutting refers to the process of mixing and compressing compressed gas (air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.) with a very small amount of lubricating oil to form micron-sized droplets and spraying them into the processing zone for effective lubrication. Cutting method. The amount of cutting fluid is generally only 0.03 ~ 0.2L / h (conventional wet cutting amount is 20 ~ 100L / min), can effectively reduce the friction between the tool and the workpiece, the tool and the chip, to prevent bonding, extend the tool Life expectancy and improved surface quality. MQL has obvious application advantages and wide application range. The research on MQL at home and abroad contains almost all cutting processes, such as drilling, milling, turning and grinding.
MQL technology combines the advantages of both dry and conventional wet cutting: On the one hand, MQL reduces the amount of cutting fluid to a very small amount, which not only significantly reduces the cost of cutting fluid, but also uses a highly natural synthetic degradation. Ester as a lubricant minimizes the environmental and human hazards of the cutting fluid. On the other hand, compared with dry cutting, MQL introduces a cooling lubricant to greatly improve the cooling and lubrication conditions of the cutting process. The wear between the workpiece and the chip is significantly reduced, helping to reduce cutting forces, cutting temperatures and tool wear. This kind of cutting technology, also known as semi-dry cutting, has great prospects under the influence of green environmental protection in the 21st century.
Brief Analysis of Micro Lubrication Cutting Technology
Cutting fluid is usually used during metal cutting. The cutting fluid mainly plays the role of cooling, lubrication, chip removal and rust prevention in the cutting process, which helps to improve the durability of the tool, reduce the thermal deformation of the workpiece, and ensure the surface quality of the workpiece. However, the large use of cutting fluid has also caused many negative effects, which not only led to a significant increase in production costs, but also brought enormous potential harm to the environment and human health.