Optical Communication

Optical communication refers to the transmission of data using light waves as carriers. To enhance the capacity of optical fiber networks, two main approaches are used: increasing the data rate per channel or boosting the number of wavelengths transmitted simultaneously through a single fiber, known as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Despite these advancements, optical communication systems are typically most effective over short to medium distances, often limited to a few kilometers.

While the technology behind optical communication is well-established, its commercial adoption has been somewhat slow due to limited demand in certain areas. For example, FTTH (Fiber to the Home), considered the ultimate goal of broadband access, relies on mature technologies like EPON. However, the average user’s need for high bandwidth is not very significant, which has restricted the widespread deployment of FTTH. In 2006, the introduction of triple-play services such as IPTV created new demands. High-definition video streaming required more bandwidth than traditional broadband could provide, prompting operators to accelerate the rollout of FTTH.

At the same time, ASON (Automated Switched Optical Network) emerged as a key solution for managing optical networks more efficiently. It allows for flexible control and offers tailored services for enterprise customers. Given the growing importance of business clients, many telecom operators have invested heavily in ASON infrastructure to support their needs and stay competitive in the evolving market.