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Policies to Accelerate the Development of Green Buildings
In recent developments, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development in China has released the "12th Five-Year Plan for Green Building and Green Ecological Urban Development," a comprehensive strategy aimed at promoting sustainable urban growth. This initiative focuses on selecting 100 new cities to be developed and operated according to green ecological standards. Starting from 2014, government-funded buildings such as administrative offices, schools, museums, science centers, stadiums, and large public structures like airports, train stations, hotels, and shopping malls are required to adopt green building standards. Additionally, commercial housing projects are encouraged to follow these guidelines, with a target of over 50% of new real estate developments in major cities and coastal regions achieving green building status by 2015.
Experts highlight that the plan not only outlines clear goals and implementation strategies but also introduces robust safeguard measures. For years, green buildings lacked local targets and industry standards, making it challenging to track progress. Now, the Ministry is integrating green development into local energy conservation assessments, ensuring accountability at every level. As stated on the official website, those who contribute significantly will be recognized, while those failing to meet targets may face consequences.
The plan emphasizes improving laws, regulations, and technical standards. It calls for a green building review system, a land transfer mechanism, and special design reviews to ensure sustainability from the outset. Industry insiders believe that incorporating green principles early in the planning process is a key step toward long-term success.
To further accelerate development, the plan includes four key initiatives: establishing a refined decoration system, improving evaluation marking systems, implementing a construction scrapping approval process, and setting up a professional qualification certification system. These measures create a long-term framework for the steady growth of green buildings.
In practice, companies like Wanda, Vanke, and Green Area have already made significant strides in developing green buildings, with many of their projects classified as high-performance or "green" structures. In Chongqing, the Liangjiang New Area serves as a model, featuring 3.15 million square meters of construction, with over 30% of buildings rated as two-star or higher. The area also implements strict waste management and 100% accessibility for all facilities.
According to officials in Chongqing, the city plans to enforce one-star green building standards for new public buildings starting this year and encourages residential and district buildings to follow suit. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, Chongqing aims to develop more than 10 influential green buildings both domestically and internationally.
Experts like Ye Zuda from Peking University’s Urban Planning and Design Center praise the plan for considering regional differences, such as climate variations affecting building costs and star ratings. This approach ensures balanced resource allocation across different areas.
Additionally, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development have emphasized the importance of green building materials. They encourage the development of eco-friendly, energy-efficient materials and support the industrialization of green construction products.
Zhang Jun from the China Academy of Architectural Design and Research notes that promoting green buildings involves not just design and construction, but also the transformation of the building materials and energy-saving industries. Ensuring a steady supply of low-carbon materials is essential for the future of sustainable architecture.
Finally, the plan calls for institutional innovation, including the promotion of integrated design systems, the development of testing and evaluation frameworks, and stronger policy incentives. By combining these efforts, green buildings are no longer isolated initiatives but part of a broader, well-supported movement toward a more sustainable future.