Introducing homemade pesticides designed for flower farmers to effectively manage pests and diseases without harming the environment. These natural solutions are easy to prepare, simple to apply, and safe for both plants and the ecosystem. Here's a detailed guide on how to make and use these eco-friendly sprays.
First, let’s look at common insect pests affecting flowers: aphids, scale insects, whiteflies, thrips, leafhoppers, ants, red spider mites, and nematodes. Below are several effective homemade pesticide recipes:
- Ginkgo biloba: Soak ginkgo fruits in water in equal parts, then filter the solution. Dilute 1 part of the stock with 2 parts of water to control aphids.
- Arborvitae: Crush the leaves and soak them in water at a ratio of 1:5 for 24 hours. Use the filtrate directly to spray against spider mites.
- Peach leaves: Boil peach leaves in water at a ratio of 1:6 for 30 minutes. The resulting liquid helps control aphids and other soft-bodied pests.
- Tung oil: Chop old leaves and mix with water at a ratio of 1:3 to 1:5. Alternatively, use the peel mixed with water at 1:10. After soaking for 24 hours, the filtrate can be used to repel aphids.
- Pulsatilla: Clean and crush the plant, mix with water at a ratio of 1:10. Soak for 23 hours or boil for 30 minutes. This solution controls aphids, leafhoppers, and mites.
- Bowl of flowers: Chop and soak the plant in water at a ratio of 1:5 for 24 hours. The filtrate helps control aphids, spider mites, and other pests.
- Zinnia: Chop stems and leaves, mix with water at a ratio of 1:4, and cook for 1–2 hours. Use the filtrate to spray against aphids and red spider mites.
- Peppermint: Mince peppermint leaves and soak in water at a ratio of 1:5 for 24 hours. This solution is effective against leaf mites and whiteflies.
- Chili peppers: Boil chili peppers in water at a ratio of 1:10 for 30 minutes. The liquid helps prevent aphids and mites.
- Tobacco: Soak tobacco leaves in water at a ratio of 1:10 for 24 hours or boil for an hour. The filtrate can be used to kill ants in soil, or diluted with water and a bit of soap to control aphids, red spiders, and thrips.
- Pepper and garlic: Boil peppers and garlic in water at a ratio of 1:10, then divide into five portions. Dilute each portion with water at 1:10 to prevent whiteflies and aphids.
Second, common fungal and bacterial diseases include powdery mildew, rust, gray mold, root rot, leaf spot, and blight. Here are some natural remedies:
- Pinus massoniana (Chinese pine): Boil pine needles in water at a ratio of 1:2 to 1:3 for 2 hours until slightly thickened. Dilute with water at 1:1 to prevent root rot.
- Hibiscus: Soak hibiscus flowers in water at a ratio of 1:10 for 24 hours. The filtrate helps prevent root rot and blight.
- Ginger: Crush ginger and mix with water at a ratio of 1:20. Spray directly to prevent rot.
- Amaranth and leeks: Mash amaranth and leeks, mix with water at a ratio of 1.6:10, stir well, and spray to control rust and mites.
- Onions and green onions: Crush and mix with water at a ratio of 2:1.5. Filter and spray to prevent white disease and control aphids.
- Garlic: Crush garlic and mix with water at a ratio of 1:1. Dilute with water at 1:3 to control powdery mildew, gray mold, root rot, and pests like locusts and red spider mites.
Third, here are additional homemade remedies:
- Baking soda: Mix 0.1% to 0.2% baking soda with water. Spray to prevent powdery mildew.
- Wood ash: Soak plant ash in water at a ratio of 3:10 for 49 hours. Use the clarified liquid to spray against aphids and gray mold.
- Mosquito coils: Burn mosquito-repellent incense containing pyrethroids and place it in pots covered with plastic bags for 50–60 minutes to kill red spider mites.
- Wind oil: Dilute wind oil essence 600–800 times with water and spray to control aphids, scale insects, and red spider mites.
- Washing powder: Mix washing powder with water at a ratio of 1:150. Spray every 5 days for 2–3 times to control aphids, red spider mites, scale insects, and whiteflies.
- Potassium permanganate: Spray a 0.02% to 0.03% potassium permanganate solution every 2–3 days to control and prevent powdery mildew.
These homemade pesticides are not only cost-effective but also environmentally friendly. They offer a sustainable alternative to commercial chemicals, making them ideal for small-scale flower farmers who care about nature and health.
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