Working cycle: In an internal combustion engine, the working cycle refers to the continuous process of converting thermal and mechanical energy through the movement of the piston inside the cylinder. This cycle includes four main stages: intake, compression, power, and exhaust. Each complete sequence of these stages is known as a working cycle, which is essential for the engine's operation. Piston stroke: The piston stroke is the distance the piston travels between its top dead center (TDC) and bottom dead center (BDC). It represents the linear motion of the piston within the cylinder. Additionally, the crankshaft's rotation radius is the distance from the center of the crankshaft's journal to the center of the connecting rod's big end. This radius directly affects the piston's stroke length. Top dead center and bottom dead center: These are the two extreme positions of the piston within the cylinder. The top dead center is the highest point the piston reaches during its movement, while the bottom dead center is the lowest position. These points define the limits of the piston's travel and are crucial for timing and engine performance. Working volume: The working volume, also known as the displacement, is the volume swept by the piston as it moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center. This volume determines the amount of air-fuel mixture that can be drawn into the cylinder during the intake stroke and plays a key role in engine power output. Compression ratio: The compression ratio is the ratio of the total volume of the cylinder when the piston is at the bottom dead center to the volume when the piston is at the top dead center. A higher compression ratio means more air-fuel mixture is compressed, leading to higher temperatures and pressures during combustion. This results in greater efficiency and power output in the internal combustion engine. Voltmeter,Digital Voltage Display,Digital Voltmeter Display,Ac Voltmeter Yuyao Gongyi Meter Co.,Ltd. , https://www.yycj.com