Wuxi Ding Guohua Hand drawn Wallpaper Co., Ltd , https://www.silkwallpaperasia.com
A tensile testing machine, also known as a material testing machine or universal testing machine, is a precision instrument used to evaluate the mechanical properties of materials such as tension, compression, bending, shear, and peel strength. These machines are widely used across various industries and play a critical role in material development, quality control, research, and production line inspections. There are several ways to classify tensile testing machines, based on automation level, control systems, and application fields.
First, by automation level:
1. Pointer-type tensile testing machines: These traditional models have largely been replaced by digital ones due to their limited accuracy and lower cost-performance ratio. However, they are still commonly used in small-scale applications for basic strength tests of small products, thanks to their low price and simplicity.
2. Digital display tensile testing machines: Also referred to as microcomputer-type machines, these models show test results directly on an LCD screen. They are often used for quality control in factories where specific test parameters are fixed.
3. Computer-controlled tensile testing machines: These are the most widely used today. The data is collected through a computer system, processed via software, and can be printed as reports. They are ideal for research institutions, testing labs, and product development departments where detailed analysis is required.
Second, by control system:
1. Frequency conversion tensile testing machines: These use variable frequency motor systems to control the speed of stretching and compression. They are suitable for applications where speed control is needed but not extremely precise.
2. Servo system tensile testing machines: These use servo motors for more accurate control over speed and displacement. They support advanced testing methods like constant-speed, cyclic, and programmed tests. With intelligent feedback mechanisms, they offer higher precision and flexibility.
3. DC motor-driven tensile testing machines: Though once common, these are now rarely used due to their lower performance and cost-effectiveness compared to modern alternatives.
Third, by industry and function:
1. Metal tensile testing machines: Designed for materials with high tensile strength and minimal elongation, these require specialized extensometers for accurate measurements.
2. Rubber tensile testing machines: Since rubber has high elongation, these machines need large-extent devices and special fixtures to prevent slippage. Common fixtures include O-ring and tire-specific tools.
3. Plastic tensile testing machines: These handle a wide range of elongation levels and often perform three-point bending tests. The design varies depending on the type of plastic being tested.
4. Textile tensile testing machines: Used in the textile industry to test fabric peeling, tearing, and yarn strength, these machines require specialized fixtures and software tailored for fabric testing.
5. Paper tensile testing machines: These are used to measure paper’s tensile strength, ring pressure, and other characteristics. They typically require multiple fixtures to cover different test types.
6. Leather tensile testing machines: These focus on measuring tensile and tear strength, with simpler test requirements compared to other materials.
Whether in manufacturing, research, or quality assurance, tensile testing machines are essential tools that ensure materials meet required standards and perform reliably under stress.