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Chemical composition and mechanical properties of Cr12MoV
Cr12MoV is a high-performance alloy tool steel known for its excellent hardenability, wear resistance, and toughness. It can be fully hardened across cross-sections of up to 300–400 mm, maintaining good hardness and strength even at elevated temperatures (up to 300–400°C). Compared to other similar steels like Cr12, it exhibits higher impact toughness and minimal volume change during quenching, making it ideal for manufacturing large, complex molds and tools that experience heavy loads.
Cr12MoV is widely used in the production of cold work dies such as punching dies, trimming dies, deep drawing dies, wire drawing dies, thread rolling dies, and cutting tools. It is also suitable for circular saw blades, standard cutters, measuring instruments, and other precision components. The steel's superior mechanical properties make it a preferred choice for applications where high strength, durability, and dimensional stability are required.
Chemical Composition:
- Carbon (C): 1.45–1.70%
- Silicon (Si): ≤ 0.40%
- Manganese (Mn): ≤ 0.40%
- Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.030%
- Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.030%
- Chromium (Cr): 11.00–12.50%
- Nickel (Ni): ≤ 0.25% (residual)
- Copper (Cu): ≤ 0.30% (residual)
- Vanadium (V): 0.15–0.30%
- Molybdenum (Mo): 0.40–0.60%
Mechanical Properties:
- Annealed hardness: 255–207 HB (indentation diameter: 3.8–4.2 mm)
- Quenched hardness: ≥ 58 HRC
Heat Treatment:
- Quenching: 950–1000°C followed by oil cooling
- Tempering: 1020°C quenching, then tempered at 200°C for 2 hours
Microstructure: Fine-grained pearlite with dispersed carbides.
Delivery Condition: Annealed state.
Cryogenic treatment is often applied to Cr12MoV to enhance its performance. This process promotes the precipitation of ultrafine carbides within the martensitic structure, improving wear resistance and dimensional stability. After low-temperature tempering at 200°C, the material achieves optimal balance between hardness and toughness.
Low-temperature chemical heat treatments such as ion nitriding, gas nitrocarburizing, and salt bath thiocyanate are commonly used to further improve surface properties. These treatments significantly increase adhesion resistance and impact strength, especially when using salt bath thiocyanate. For example, after gas nitrocarburizing, the service life of a stainless steel vessel tensile mold can exceed 30,000 cycles—more than ten times longer than that of conventionally treated molds.
In summary, Cr12MoV is a versatile and durable tool steel ideal for demanding industrial applications. Its combination of high hardness, wear resistance, and toughness makes it a top choice for manufacturers of molds, dies, and cutting tools. Whether in traditional or advanced heat treatment processes, Cr12MoV continues to prove its value in modern engineering.
Editor: Hardware Business Network Information Center
Source: http://news.chinawj.com.cn
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