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The influence of the atmosphere of the front chamber of the Aixiang box-type soft nitriding furnace on the color of the product
With the advancement and development of science and technology, the requirements of product quality in the heat treatment industry are constantly improving. In addition to the corresponding intrinsic quality such as hardness, metallographic organization and layer depth, the requirements for appearance are also correspondingly improved. The appearance will directly affect the price and grade of the heat-treated product, so I will share the appearance of the soft nitriding product encountered in the work.
Process description
The process flow is: pre-cleaning→preheating→soft nitriding→post-cleaning→tempering. Preheating process: 400 ° C × 1 h. Taking the automobile tooth hub soft nitriding as an example, the processing equipment selects 4-2 Ai Xie Lin box furnace (the structure of the equipment is shown in Figure 1), the equipment atmosphere is NH 3 + N 2 + CO 2 , the furnace pressure ≥ 300Pa, quenching cooling medium Choose Houghton classification oil (120 ° C). The soft nitriding process is listed in the attached table, and the color after quenching is shown in Fig. 2. After normal soft nitriding, the color of the product should be silver white or silver gray, but the fly in the ointment is that some products in the full furnace are black or black gray.
2. Reason analysis
(1) Analysis of the black-gray part of the product after quenching The black-gray product should be the oxidation color caused by the oxidation of the oxidizing atmosphere of the front chamber during the process from the heating chamber to the front chamber. Because the heating chamber is isolated from the front chamber, and the front chamber is only replaced by nitrogen, there is still a partial oxidizing atmosphere, and the product at high temperature is oxidized during the quenching process from the heating chamber to the front chamber.
In order to solve this problem, it is decided to make a hole of φ12mm (as in Figure 1A) in the middle door between the heating chamber and the front room. For safety reasons, change the original ignition burner to the fire curtain at the front door (as shown in the figure). 1 (B), the purpose is: 1 After the middle door is added with a through hole, the front chamber is filled with the back chamber atmosphere, and the front chamber increases the H 2 content, reducing the presence of an oxidizing atmosphere. 2 The front door is equipped with a fire curtain, which reduces the entry of air during the loading and unloading process, that is, reduces the existence of an oxidizing atmosphere and increases the safety performance of the equipment.
(2) Analysis of the black part of the product after quenching After the product enters the front chamber, high pressure nitrogen replacement is performed. The pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen gas is very large, and the oil in the oil tank is splashed onto the product when it is flushed, so that when the product is released, the fire curtain burns to the oil on the product, and the color turns black.
In order to solve this problem, an iron piece is placed under the high-pressure nitrogen pipe to block the direct injection of nitrogen gas onto the oil (as shown in Figure 1C), and the high-pressure nitrogen gas is scattered around the front chamber, and the problem of blackening of the product is solved.
3. Conclusion
We will encounter all kinds of problems and troubles in production, but we must not worry, we must understand the structure principle and process principle of the whole equipment, and check the situation one by one in the case of ensuring sufficient safety. It will be solved soon, and the above examples hope to be helpful to readers.
About the author: Liu Jiucheng, Tangshan Yajie Machinery Co., Ltd.