Pvc Shower Hose,Pvc Smooth Shower Hose,plastic coated shower hose screwfix,short shower hose Yuyao Gaobao Sanitary Ware Factory , https://www.gurberry.com
Wang Guangzu: Two monuments in two major battles
**Abstract**
What is the allure of a diamond, that ancient and eternal crystal? No one has ever clearly explained or fully understood it. Yes, it is true. For this reason, for thousands of years, countless explorers have been drawn to it, and the early pioneers have unveiled its mystery, experiencing its unique charm.
Due to the needs of a strategic mission, I had the privilege of being involved with it since the early 1960s. This relationship has lasted more than half a century! Half a century is just a moment in the long history of human civilization, but it is a long time in the span of an individual life. Time flies, and the sun and moon move like shuttles. Unconsciously, my shadow has followed her through more than 50 extraordinary seasons, and I will continue to do so until... I am proud to be one of the few sincere devotees—zealous, unwavering, and never giving up.
Throughout these five decades, there have been many joys and sorrows, successes and failures. Whether it was pain or happiness, failure or success, each moment has been valuable and unforgettable. Below are just a few of the interesting stories from the past.
In the numerous battles of China’s synthetic diamond research and development, the “121†campaign and the “Pilot†campaign stand out as two of the most memorable. The success of the “121†campaign marked a new era for synthetic diamonds in China, while the victory of the “Pilot†campaign laid the foundation for the industrialization of superhard materials in the country. These two major campaigns made great contributions to the establishment, development, and growth of China’s synthetic diamond industry. They are monuments to the progress of the field and the solid foundation for its future. As a result, we were awarded the 1978 National Science Conference Award and the Henan Provincial Science Conference Award.
**The “121†Campaign**
In the early 1960s, during the same strategic effort to develop synthetic diamonds, China had two groups: the academic system and the industrial system. One focused on scientific development, while the other aimed to meet urgent industrial needs.
The main battlefield of the first battle was in Beijing, where two key units participated: the Academy of Sciences and the Industrial Systems Corps. This account focuses on some of the interesting events that occurred within the Industrial Systems Corps.
**(1) The Joint Army Shoulders Heavy Responsibility**
Synthetic diamond, a high-tech achievement developed in the 1950s, was mastered only by a few industrialized countries such as the United States, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. China faced a technological blockade. At the same time, natural diamonds in China were scarce, and industries like precision machinery, oil extraction, metallurgy, geology, and electronics relied heavily on imports from the Soviet Union and the Congo. When Sino-Soviet relations deteriorated and the pro-China Lumumba government was overthrown, the diamond supply was suddenly cut off, seriously affecting China's industrial development.
In October 1960, the state issued the "121" campaign (the development of synthetic diamonds). This was a high-tech competition between China and the Western industrialized countries. Guided by Mao Zedong’s strategy of "concentrating superior forces and annihilating the enemy," we formed a team of young scientists and engineers, including Yu Hongchang, Wang Guangzu, Hu Enliang, and Yao Yucheng, dedicated to revitalizing China’s science and industry.
Although both I and Yu Hongchang studied chemistry, we knew little about how to produce diamonds artificially. But facing the urgent needs of the country, we felt it was our duty to solve the problem. We realized this was not only a high-tech contest but also a political struggle to safeguard national interests.
Under the guidance of Mao Zedong’s thought, we conducted extensive research, read large amounts of literature on ultra-high pressure and temperature, and wrote the book *The Foundation of Synthetic Diamond Synthesis Process*. Through detailed analysis, we designed several implementation plans. This theoretical and material preparation laid the groundwork for successfully mastering diamond synthesis technology.
**(2) An Unforgettable Night of Joy**
We conducted experiments based on the calculated graphite-diamond equilibrium curve. After many trials, failures, and improvements, we finally synthesized the first Chinese synthetic diamond on the night of December 6, 1963, at the high-pressure laboratory of the Beijing General Machinery Research Institute using the self-designed 61-type double-faced ultra-high pressure device.
This was my first "virgin" project, laying the foundation for the development of China’s superhard materials industry. The participants included Hu Enliang, Xu Jinfeng, Zhang Yonghua, Du Fuchang, Wang Guangzu, Lu Feixiong, and Li Jinbao. That evening, during the 32nd experiment, we saw shiny crystals forming in the synthetic rod. When we scratched the glass with the crystal, we heard a crisp sound—a sign that synthetic diamonds had arrived in China. We cheered, jumped, and shouted in excitement. It was a thrilling, sleepless night. China had finally mastered synthetic diamond technology, marking a milestone in its industrial history.
**(3) A False Alarm After Returning to Zhao**
The next morning, after the successful synthesis of the first synthetic diamond, Yu Hongchang carried a heavy stone (paraldstone) into Director Xia Yaofeng’s office. He said, “Old Summer, come out!†Then he threw open the bag and said, “The sample… the sample is gone.†Director Xia rushed to report to Director Lu Genren, who immediately called an emergency meeting. They sent people to search for the old car and sleeper. After several hours, they returned empty-handed.
When the head of the land asked about the situation, he went to his aunt’s house before heading to the train. Director Lu asked, “Who knows your aunt’s house?†Yu said, “That’s the director of summer.†Director Lu decided, “You must go to Beijing in the summer and catch up with the car.†In the summer, he boarded the train northward. The next day, when he got off, he went directly to his aunt’s house. The old man was surprised to see him so early from Zhengzhou. Xia confirmed, “Yes, a few words of cold.†The old man asked, “Is Hongchang missing something here?†The old man pointed to the cabinet and said, “The small bag seems to be forgotten here.†Xia took the bag and confirmed it was the right one. He rushed back to the station, bought a return ticket, and returned to Zhengzhou. The “baby†finally came back. It was a small joke, but a false alarm. Xin Yan, Xin Yan!
**(4) First Battle Successful, Shocking the West**
Because the diamond developed by the subject was confidential, we agreed on a contact code. If the sample contained diamond, the code would be “D,†the first letter of Diamond. On the evening of December 10, 1963, we received a telegram from Yu Hongchang. The message was untranslatable, so Hu Enliang and Tang Yujing went to the Tianqiao Post Office. When they saw the translation, they found it was “D.†We were thrilled, and after three years of hard work, we saw the dawn. The lab erupted in cheers. We succeeded! A great victory for Mao Zedong Thought, for Chairman Mao’s revolutionary line, and for socialist cooperation.
When the news of China’s successful synthetic diamonds spread, the arrogant Western countries were shocked. They doubted that China, technologically backward, could also produce diamonds.
**(5) The Second “Pilot†Campaign**
The main battlefields of the Second Campaign were in Jinan and Zhengzhou. The main units involved were the Jinan Foundry and Forging Machinery Research Institute, the Zhengzhou Abrasives Grinding Research Institute, and the Shanghai Materials Research Institute.
Synthetic diamond is not just a product; it is an industry with great vitality and promising prospects. It is a sector of industry and the most brilliant achievement in the development of high-pressure physics.
**(a) Where to Go?**
To transform laboratory results into productivity, in April 1964, the Ministry of Machinery issued instructions for the “Pilot Test,†establishing the Jinan Foundry and Forging Machinery Research Institute and the Zhengzhou Abrasives Grinding Research Institute as the main force.
Participants included Wang Guangzu, Yu Zhengmin, Yu Zhichao, Li Jinbao, Shao Dehou, Yan Juwu, Kong Lingchun, and others. The “Sanmo†combat team moved from Beijing to Jinan, cooperating with the cast forging team. They launched a strong attack on the design, manufacturing, and commissioning of the hinged six-face press.
After nearly two years of hard work, the battle was won. We proved ourselves as a “diamond†division capable of fighting and winning. This was another “virgin†project that laid the foundation for the industrialization of China’s superhard materials.
**(2) What Are the Fears?**
During this battle, we encountered many difficulties: synchronization, centering, “shooting†of the press, sealing and breaking of high-pressure tubing, slamming of solenoid valves, and the feeling of pressing the gourd. Operators were in a hurry, and carbide anvils were frequently damaged and replaced. Every step forward was difficult, and the situation was grim.
One of the most challenging problems was the technical “barrier†of high-pressure sealing—the “shooting†issue. If this was not solved, the battle would be blocked. We did not retreat. As commanders and fighters, we felt a great sense of responsibility and heavy mental pressure. But I believed that as long as we wanted to go somewhere, we would push forward with the spirit of “Diamondâ€â€”determined, hardworking, and brave.
**(3) Diligence in Brains, Not Being Good at Small**
Anyone who achieves great things must start with small things. Doing every small task seriously can bring unexpected gains. Great success is the accumulation of small achievements. Don’t underestimate small efforts; a bud can color a green wasteland, and a small hope can ignite the blue sky.
“Cannoning†was the keyword among the group. At noon, four of us—Shao Dehou, Li Jinbao, and Yu Zhengmin—were squatting on the dirt road leading to the canteen, discussing ideas. The machine shop director saw us and praised our dedication. He said, “Young people are good! But eat and work together!â€
**(4) The Small Chamfer Can Make a Big Contribution**
Through practice and failure, we found that a small chamfer on the top of the anvil improved the seal. Industry experts praised this innovation, saying that without the small bevel, it would be impossible to mass-produce diamond single crystals. This design was a significant contribution to high-pressure technology.
Don’t underestimate this small and inconspicuous chamfer—it played a crucial role in solving the global high-pressure sealing problem and paved the way for the later industrialization of synthetic diamonds. Today, seeing the prosperity of China’s synthetic diamond industry, we feel proud and happy.
**(5) The Highest “Rewardâ€**
A secretary from Sanmao Jianjian Fang made a special trip from Zhengzhou to Jinan to visit the team. Upon learning of our achievements, he gave us a “big prizeâ€â€”a bowl of noodles. In an era of scarcity, this simple gesture deeply touched us and remains unforgettable.
The victories of the two major campaigns laid the cornerstone for the development of China’s superhard materials industry. The next step is to pursue further growth and dream of a strong and prosperous nation.
**(6) Fifty Years of Brilliance to Comfort the Spirit**
After generations of effort, we have realized the dream of becoming a global leader in superhard materials. We are working hard for the dream of a strong country. The hinged six-face press with independent intellectual property rights has become a world-renowned production machine, contributing to the global development of superhard materials.
My dear comrades, if you are still alive, let us celebrate together the achievements of China’s superhard materials industry. Your dedication will remain in our hearts forever and be recorded in history.
**(7) Sharing the Beautiful Performance**
I invite friends to visit our leading enterprises, such as Zhongnan Diamond Co., Ltd., Henan Huanghe Cyclone Co., Ltd., and Zhengzhou Huajing Diamond Co., Ltd. You will be amazed by the grandeur of their diamond production sites. Nearly a thousand selection points and three football fields of production areas will leave you speechless.
As the saying goes, “Only after being tempered by fire does a sword become sharp; only after enduring bitter cold do plum blossoms bloom.†The achievements of mankind and the cause of progress have all experienced setbacks and failures. But through perseverance, we have reached new heights.