How to prevent high-risk occupational diseases?

At present, high-risk occupational diseases mainly include pneumoconiosis, noise damage, benzene poisoning, lead poisoning, and carbon monoxide poisoning. The major industries involved are mines, auto repair, construction and decoration, carton packaging, and stone processing. What is the harm of occupational diseases? How to prevent occupational diseases? How to do with occupational diseases? This reporter interviewed Hainan Provincial Experts with Expertise on Acceptance and Diagnosis of Occupational Diseases and Occupational Diseases Health Check- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Health Care.

pneumoconiosis

High hair industry: mining, stone factory, building decoration

Pneumoconiosis is mainly characterized by four major symptoms of cough, cough, chest pain and dyspnea, as well as wheezing, hemoptysis and some systemic symptoms. In early pneumoconiosis patients, the cough was not obvious, but as the course of the disease progressed, the patient had more severe chronic bronchitis and pulmonary infection. Pneumoconiosis complications are the common direct cause of death in patients. The terror of the pneumoconiosis lies in its irreversibility, that is, if it is difficult to cure, it can only be cured by treatment.

Prevention methods:

People engaged in the construction and decoration, quarrying, and mining industries are the high-incidence population of silicosis. Experts recommend strengthening the monitoring of the health of dust-laden workers, including pre-employment medical examinations, regular health checkups at post and physical examinations at the time of leaving posts. For workers with longer-duty workers, follow-up inspections after leaving the post are also required.

In addition, do a good job of personal protection and personal hygiene, wear dust protection equipment, such as dustproof helmets, dust masks, air supply helmets, air masks, etc., pay attention to personal hygiene, work clothes, and bathe.

Benzene poisoning

High-skill industry: paint, auto repair factory, luggage companies

Benzene poisoning is mainly caused by exposure to organic containers containing benzene. The common characteristic of benzene poisoning is that the production enterprises are mostly family workshops or small-scale processing enterprises. The technology level is low, the technology is backward, the operating environment is poor, and the lack of protective facilities and supplies involves many personnel and serious consequences.

Benzene is called "occupational disease killer." Chronic benzene poisoning is chronic inhalation of a certain concentration of benzene causing chronic poisoning. Blood changes are the main manifestations, with leukopenia in the beginning, thrombocytopenia and anemia in the future, and severe aplastic anemia or leukemia.

Prevention methods:

Enterprises should replace benzene with low-toxicity or non-toxic substances; reform production processes and ventilation and detoxification, such as the production process is closed, automated and procedural, with fully effective local exhaust detoxification equipment installed. Workers should wear anti-virus masks or masks for regular health checks.

noise

High-fat industries: furniture, textiles, stamping and other factories

Noise damage is common in many factories. Physical examinations every year can detect many cases of abnormal body caused by noise pollution. Noise mainly damages the human auditory organs, and long-term exposure to high-intensity noise not only damages the auditory organs, but also has different degrees of influence on the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, endocrine system, and digestive system.

Prevention methods:

According to national standards, noise standards of industrial enterprises must not exceed 85 decibels. As long as the noise exceeds 85 dB, it will affect the human body. According to regulations, the sound exceeds 85 decibels. For each additional decibel, the working hours of the workers must be reduced accordingly.

In addition, workers who work in special high-intensity noise environments must wear personal protective equipment that meets hygiene standards. Wear earplugs and earmuffs to protect your hearing. Workers engaged in noise operations should regularly perform occupational health examinations in qualified medical and health institutions. If they feel like high-pitched tinnitus in both ears, this is often the signal that deafness begins. They must go to the hospital for early detection. Early treatment to avoid further hearing loss.


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