With the increase of temperature, pests and diseases are spreading rapidly. It is imperative to prevent and control wheat pests and diseases in early spring. It should be based on early control and strive to control in the initial stage. At present, the main pests and diseases are wheat sheath blight, scab, rust, powdery mildew, aphids, midges, and red spiders. The prevention and control of wheat pests and diseases in early spring should strengthen the management of agricultural cultivation in the field, promote the healthy growth of wheat, and supplement with the spray of medicament. Wheat sheath blight. Wheat sheath blight is common, the incidence rate of diseased fields is 10% to 30%, and that of seriously ill fields can reach 60% to 80%. The rate of white hair caused by particularly serious field diseases may be above 20%. The loss of yield due to illness is generally around 10%, and in severe cases it is as high as 30% to 40%. Wheat can be affected at all stages of growth, spring is the infested period, the rate of diseased plants rises rapidly, and the rate of diseased plants is high after jointing. Before and after regreening, the stems and sheaths of the stems of the plants produce oval water-stained lesions, which then develop into light brown moiré. Symptoms, lesions at the ear stage are connected to the symptoms of flower stalks. The lesions can also spread deeper and stalks to the inside, so that the internodes or stems rot can not be extracted from the ear or become white ears after heading, and there are few fruiting, and the seeds are sputum, causing lodging when severe. Control method. The control of sheath blight was the best at the end of the tillering stage, followed by the jointing stage and the booting stage. In the wheat-greening jointing stage, when the diseased plant rate reaches 15%, use 25% tebuconazole 30g~40g per acre and 25g of 20% Jinggangmycin water-soluble powder, or 20% triadimefon EC 50ml, add water. From 30 kg to 40 kg, the base of the wheat stem is sprayed, and 4.5 ml of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin can be added to treat aphids and spider mites. Depending on the severity of the disease, the interval is 7 days to 10 days, and the prevention is 2 to 3 times. Wheat rust. Wheat rust is commonly known as "xanthosis", which is divided into three types: stripe rust, leaf rust, and stem rust. The field can be identified according to the characteristics of "strip rust, leaf rust, and stem rust is a big red spot". In the city, there are stripe rust and leaf rust, if not prevented in time, once it is popular, it will spread rapidly, and it can reduce production by 20%~30% in the popular year. After early spring rust infects wheat, it must go through the stage of the disease, and then expand the epidemic. It is necessary to actively eliminate the early bacterial sources, and the disease center should be controlled early to prevent rust. Control method: The rust center should be sprayed in Daejeon in time. If the diseased leaf rate is 5% and the severity is below 10%, use 25% tebuconazole 30g~40g plus Maijian 50ml per acre, add water 30kg~40kg, or use 15% powder rusting wettable powder 50 Gram or 20% powder rusting cream 40 ml control. In the disease epidemic year, if the diseased leaf rate is above 25% and the severity is more than 10%, it is necessary to increase the dosage. Depending on the severity of the disease, it can be sprayed with a concentration of 2 to 3 times of the above dosage, and 4.5% can be added efficiently. Cypermethrin 50 ml, which treats aphids and spider mites. Wheat scab. Wheat scab does not only cause a reduction in production. After eating eggs or flour, people and animals can develop acute poisoning symptoms such as headache and vomiting. Wheat can be harmed from seedlings to heading, mainly causing seedlings, stem base rot, stalk rot and ear rot. The most serious damage is ear rot. Ear rot: When the wheat is flowering, it first produces a water-soaked light brown spot on the glume, and then expands to the whole spikelet, and the spikelet is yellow. When the humidity is high, a pink colloidal layer is formed at the lesion. In the case of wet weather during the flowering period of wheat, the epidemic of scab is caused. Control method: use 25% tebuconazole 30g ~ 40g plus Maijian 50ml per acre, or 40g carbendazim suspension 50g, add water 30kg ~ 40kg spray. Wheat powdery mildew. It mainly harms the leaves and can damage the leaf sheath, stem and ears in severe cases. The diseased part initially produces yellow dots, and then gradually expands into round or elliptical lesions. The surface is covered with a layer of white powdery mildew. The mildew gradually turns grayish white and finally turns into a light brown color. smaller. When the lesion is long, it can heal into a piece and cause the leaves to yellow and die. The loss of the damaged wheat field is as high as 20% to 30%. Control method: use 25% tebuconazole 30g ~ 40g plus Maijian 50ml per acre, or 15% powder rusting wettable powder 50g ~ 100g, add water 30kg ~ 40kg constant spray. Depending on the severity of the disease, the interval is 7 days to 10 days, and the prevention is 2 to 3 times. Wheat red spider. Red spiders can be harmed in spring and autumn, mainly in spring, mainly affecting wheat leaves. The nymphs suck on the wheat leaves, and the white leaves appear after the wheat leaves are damaged, and then turn yellow. When the damage is serious, the head cannot be headed, and the wheat plant is dried up and died. Red spiders generally start activities in late February, and mid-to-late March is a critical period for the occurrence of damage in the field. Control method: If the red spider reaches the control index, use 4.5% beta-cypermethrin 50ml per acre, or 20% broom net wettable powder 20g~30g, or 1.8% insecticide emulsifiable oil 8ml~12ml, add water 40 kg ~ 50 kg for spraying, can also be combined with fungicide 25% tebuconazole 30 g ~ 40 g to use and cure wheat diseases. Wheat aphids. The aphids are concentrated in the front or back of the leaves, and concentrated on the ears to suck the juice in the later stage, resulting in slow growth of the affected plants, reduced tillering, and decreased 1000-grain weight. At the same time, the secreted honeydew can also induce coal pollution. Control method: 50g/L of cyhalothrin emulsifiable concentrate 10ml plus 20% acetamiprid WP10g or 10% imidacloprid WP 30g or 50% anti-Converse WP 10g plus 30kg per acre~ 40 kg spray control. In the prevention and control of the ear, wheat rust and powdery mildew should be considered. It can be mixed with 25% tebuconazole 30g ~ 40g cypermethrin 50ml plus 50ml of wheat, and the control effect on the above pests is 85%~90%. Sucking insects. There are mainly two kinds of wheat red worm and wheat yellow worm. Our city is mainly wheat red worm. The larvae are small, the adult body is only 2 mm to 2.5 mm long, and the wingspan is about 5 mm. The body is orange-red. The larvae are latent in the sacs and suck the grain juice that is being grouted, causing the granules and empty shells to be reduced. . Control method: When there are more than 5 insects per small earth in the wheat field or 10 times in the average net, there are 10 to 25 adult insects, which need immediate control. Use 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 65 ml per mu or pyrethroid agent 25 ml per acre, add water 30 kg ~ 40 kg constant spray, interval 2 days to 3 days, even spray 3 times ~ 5 times. 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