DNA storage technology will provide long-term and low-cost storage solutions for security companies

In the era of big data security, front-end video becomes more and more high-definition, and massive data grows exponentially. How to ensure the safe storage of massive data while reducing the difficulty of maintaining the storage system and increasing the value of applications, etc. Traditional single devices The independent storage mode can no longer meet the actual needs. Security storage is moving towards large capacity, hyper-convergence, virtualization, and cloud storage.
DNA storage technology will stop long-term and low-cost storage solutions for security companies
A study released recently by the US "Science" magazine shows that one gram of DNA storage capacity is equivalent to about 200,000 computers! The specific capacity is about 200 PB (200,000 megabytes). This is because DNA is dense and robust. Experts pointed out that in today's era of information explosion, as long as the cost problem is solved, the market space for DNA storage technology will be unlimited.
DNA storage technology: not the first
In fact, DNA storage technology has already been done. In 2012, researchers at Harvard University used DNA to store a 50,000-word book. The European Bioinformatics Institute is also storing DNA in Shakespeare's sonnets and Martin Luther King's speech "I Have a Dream".
Breakthrough progress: substantial increase in storage efficiency
Although not the first, the DNA storage technology is currently breaking ground. Researcher Erlich, one of the authors of the study, said: This is because of the use of a coding technology that can increase the efficiency of DNA storage by 60%, and can also effectively reduce the error rate in the process of DNA storage. He is a professor of computer science at Columbia University and a core member of the New York Genome Center.
"It takes less than a second to enter the data into DNA. The DNA is simply the result of a four-nucleotide arrangement. We only need to map these nucleotides to the data."
Researcher Erlich said that once the coding method has been mastered, or DNA that meets the requirements for layout or data entry has been found, the next step is easy. This is because companies can be responsible for the actual manufacturing process of DNA.
unique charm
“Does this work to inspire people's imagination? Yes! It is to make people feel the interesting side of science!”
DNA has the advantages of high density and high stability. Therefore, DNA storage technology is still more fascinating to scientists than emerging similar technologies. Researcher Kosuri said: "The difficulty involved in DNA storage technology is equivalent to placing a single atom on the surface of an object." He refers to IBM Corporation, which successfully used 35 helium atoms to spell "IBM" in 1989. Words.
He said: “Arrangement of atoms is not impossible, but it must be done with extremely high imaging technology and it must be done in a vacuum close to absolute zero. This involves core technologies. In contrast, our DNA technology is more practical than it is, although it is certainly not as practical as floppy or U disk in terms of storage."
DNA can also store 3D images. Although holography memory and racetrack memory technology can also be done, researcher Kosuri said that DNA technology can store much higher density than they do.
Overcoming technical difficulties
However, the process of DNA synthesis is very difficult. Researcher Kosuri said: "It's hard to be difficult. About 5% of the DNA synthesis process will lose a randomly synthesized DNA. Moreover, not only is synthesis difficult, even reading DNA is a problem. If there is a code Technology can avoid this loss, so DNA storage technology will be much simpler and more agile."
The study published by the US "Science" magazine did implement this coding technology. Researcher Kosuri said that this technology can make mistakes in DNA synthesis easy to accept. This is due to a special encoding technique that can be used to transmit digital information, usually to accommodate disconnected situations, such as playing Youtube videos on a smartphone. Erlich said this means that this coding technology can handle DNA that is much lower than the DNA used in the study.
Researcher Kosuri did not participate in the study, but he was the first author of the aforementioned Harvard University research report in 2012 and is now a professor of biochemistry at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
Grass, a chemical engineer at ETH Zurich, also participated in the study. He said that the research team successfully stored in DNA and restored an operating system was an "elegant achievement." He also said: "I use DNA every day, so I understand that this project must be foolproof." Erlich said that they deliberately put that operating system into DNA. "If you don't recover the file flawlessly, you may damage something. But we just want to prove that we are not afraid to put this potentially damaging content into DNA."
Kosuri also agreed that this method is very efficient: "I think they used the correct experimental test algorithm. They chose the right algorithm and it seems to work."
Huge cost
According to chemical engineer Grass, the cost of synthetic DNA is even greater than the cost of programming DNA. He said: "While the cost of orchestrating DNA is too high to be practical, nano-pores are now being inserted into computers for DNA sequencing, so its cost is getting smaller and smaller. However, the cost of synthetic DNA It's still very high."
Researcher Kosuri also stated: “The only obstacle to the large-scale application of DNA storage technology is that its cost is too high. Our research reports are all about the problems of encoding, coding, and the reliability of such codes. However, the only cost issue is that we cannot solve it at present."
Grass believes that in order for DNA to store information for hundreds of years, it must use other means to immobilize DNA. He explained that genetic material can be fixed and preserved in animal bones and animal and plant fossils, but free DNA is not the same and it has instability. If you put it in the laboratory, the information in it will start to deteriorate after one year.
Prospects: still clear
Researcher Kosuri is no longer engaged in DNA storage technology research, but he himself is optimistic about the development of this technology. He said: "Millions of times the cost sounds scary, but in the past 15 years, we have reduced the cost to one in one million. Now, not only programming DNA, but even synthetic DNA. The cost has also fallen."
Researcher Erlich憧憬 In the future, someone can invent a “specialized procedure for DNA storage, which will allow us to rapidly synthesize inferior DNA” and thus reduce costs. He said: "We can extract the DNA of uneven quality first, and then gradually correct it according to the encoding method. This is our future research direction."
The current study is a good start. Researchers have stored a lot of content in DNA, they can sensitively reduce storage errors, including: an operating system, a computer virus, a $ 50 Amazon gift shopping card, the first in the world released in France in 1895 The movie "Arrival of a train at La Ciotat", a gold-plated aluminum sheet containing human information from the spacecraft "Pionner" and the founder of the American mathematician and information theory, Claude Armwood. · A study published by Claude Elwood Shannon in 1948.
Researcher Erlich said: "Someone asked me, 'How can you save the video in DNA?' This is also the question I want to explain to my 6-year-old son."

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