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You must know the knowledge of fire safety
Fire safety is crucial for everyone to know, especially in emergency situations. Here's a comprehensive guide on how to respond during a fire and prevent potential dangers.
**First, How to Alarm After a Fire**
1. Call the local fire department at 119 immediately.
2. If possible, go directly to the nearest fire station to report the incident.
3. Shout loudly to alert nearby people or police.
4. Use the building’s public address system if available to spread the alarm.
**Second, What to Do When a Fire Occurs**
1. Stay calm, identify the source of the fire, and escape in the opposite direction.
2. Never use elevators—always take the stairs.
3. Don’t go back for personal belongings; your life is more important.
4. If you're sleeping and a fire breaks out, wake up others first and shout to warn them.
**Third, Using a Fire Hydrant**
1. Open the fire hydrant box.
2. Extend the hose to the location of the fire.
3. Turn on the valve to release water.
**Fourth, Using a Dry Powder Fire Extinguisher**
1. Pull the safety pin.
2. Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire.
3. Press the handle and stand upwind to avoid smoke.
4. After extinguishing the fire, use water to cool the area to prevent re-ignition.
**Fifth, Avoiding Smoke and Harm During Escape**
1. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to reduce smoke inhalation.
2. If there’s no smoke, use a plastic bag over your head to protect against toxic gases.
3. If you must pass through flames, cover your body with wet clothing or blankets and move quickly.
4. In smoky conditions, stay low—air is cleaner near the floor. Crawl along walls to avoid getting lost.
5. Always close doors behind you while escaping to slow down the spread of fire and smoke.
**Sixth, Smoking Safety Tips**
1. Never smoke in bed or on a sofa.
2. Do not throw away cigarette butts carelessly.
3. Avoid smoking while working on machinery or appliances.
4. Keep ash away from flammable materials.
5. Never leave lit cigarettes unattended.
6. Do not tuck burning cigarettes into your pocket.
7. Avoid lighting fires on flammable surfaces.
8. Never smoke in areas where smoking is prohibited.
**Seventh, Electrical Safety Measures**
1. Avoid overloading electrical circuits. Use automatic circuit breakers when possible.
2. Use separate circuits for air conditioners and flame-retardant sockets.
3. Regularly check wiring for aging, short circuits, or leaks.
4. Never replace fuses with wires.
5. Avoid randomly adding electrical devices or pulling wires.
6. Do not steal electricity.
**Special Cases: Fire Extinguishing Techniques**
- **Furniture or Bedding Fire**: Use water to put it out. Spray water using a container or connect a hose to the tap. Wet nearby items to cool them down, but do not use water on oil or electrical fires.
- **Electrical Fire**: Cut off the power supply first, then use a dry powder or gas fire extinguisher. Do not use water to avoid electric shock or explosion.
- **TV Fire**: Turn off the power, then cover the TV with a blanket. Approach only from the side to avoid the risk of the screen exploding. Do not spray directly onto the screen.
- **Oil Pan Fire**: Close the stove’s gas valve immediately. Cover the pan with a lid or a wet cloth. Add cut vegetables to cool the fire. Do not pour water into the pan.
- **Gas Tank Fire**: Cover the fire with a soaked cloth or blanket and turn off the valve quickly.
**Using Towels for Fire Safety**
Towels are essential in emergencies. They can be used as masks to filter smoke. The more layers you fold, the better the protection. An 8-layer towel can remove up to 60% of smoke. While wet towels are more effective at filtering harmful substances, they may be harder to breathe through. Choose a thick, tightly woven towel for better coverage. Remember, towels cannot eliminate carbon monoxide, so they are not a complete solution. In high-rise buildings, hanging a towel out of the window can signal for help. Always keep a few clean towels accessible for emergencies.