Application Research on Energy Saving of External Thermal Insulation Technology in Residential Envelope Structure

With the worldwide energy crisis intensifying, building energy efficiency has become a basic trend in the development of world architecture in recent years. The development of building energy efficiency is very necessary, both in terms of saving energy and energy shortage, and from environmental protection.

External wall insulation technology is a reasonable and efficient form of insulation. In the engineering practice, the insulation of the wall in the tower reinforced concrete shear wall structure is mainly based on the internal insulation of the insulation material on the inner side of the outer wall, such as the earliest used perlite mortar. The ash insulation layer is not as good as expected. In recent years, polystyrene board is often used for internal wall insulation, and the heat preservation effect is obviously stronger than that of perlite mortar. However, polyphenylene itself has weak radioactivity and does not fundamentally change the weakness of internal insulation technology.

Although the external wall insulation technology is accepted by the majority of design, construction and construction units due to its simple construction and safe operation, it is obviously a transitional aspect compared with the external wall insulation and energy-efficient single wall in terms of scientific rationality. The shortcomings of the structure, its shortcomings and problems are as follows.

The problem of thermal bridges is not easy to solve: such as beams, structural columns and raised concrete members, ribbed insulation boards and other "heat bridge" phenomena, which not only affect the interior beauty, but also the condensation of "heat bridge" parts, even Flowing water, mildew, affecting use.

Affecting construction progress: The general project enters the decoration stage, and the interior decoration is a key process. If the internal insulation is used again, it is to increase the process in the key process, which will inevitably affect the construction progress.

The internal thermal insulation structure is easy to cause cracking. The reason is that in addition to its material properties and structural reasons, one of the main reasons is that the external wall is directly exposed to the atmosphere, and the stress caused by the deformation of the wall caused by temperature changes is easy to cause low strength. The inner insulation layer is cracked.

Due to the difference between the internal and external thermal insulation materials, the internal thermal insulation structure is bound to increase the construction cost, and it also accounts for the use area. According to unsafe statistics, in tower-shaped high-rise buildings, each household will lose about 1.3~1.5m2 of use area. This is an important factor for buyers to choose from.

The second decoration destroys the internal insulation structure: Today's houses are generally all the first-time decoration households must be destroyed before the second renovation, the insulation has been destroyed, it is not uncommon.

In summary, it can be considered that there are obvious defects in the internal insulation technology in terms of energy conservation, construction, use and enclosure. The main problem is that the structural form is unreasonable and unscientific. It can only be a transitional form of thermal insulation in the research and development of building energy conservation in China. It will be replaced by scientific and reasonable external thermal insulation or other technologies in the future. The internal insulation structure is shown in the figure.

Compared with internal insulation. The scientific rationality of the construction of external thermal insulation technology is obvious.

The external thermal insulation technology completely eliminates or weakens the part of the “thermal bridge” (on page 59) of the project for the project management personnel.

Once the RMMP is developed and the project has begun, risk monitoring begins. Risk monitoring is a project tracking activity. It has three main objectives: (1) tracking milestones and major risk factors to determine whether a predicted risk has actually occurred; (2) conducting risk re-estimation to ensure The risk elimination steps developed for a risk are being used rationally; and (3) collecting information that can be used for future risk analysis.

In most cases, there are always many risks that can be traced to problems that occur in the project. Another task of risk monitoring is to assign “responsibility” to what risks lead to problems.

Risk analysis requires a lot of effective project planning effort. Knowledge, estimation, and evaluation. According to relevant statistics, the additional heat loss of the "heat bridge" along the outer wall room accounts for about 23.7% of the total heat loss of the room, about 21.7% of the room along the outer wall in the middle floor, and about 24.3 of the room along the outer wall. %. It can be seen that the heat loss due to the "heat bridge" is considerable.

According to relevant experts, using the internal insulation technology, the heat transfer coefficient and the average heat transfer coefficient of the main structure are 1.82.0 higher, and the gap between the two is small and almost close.

In the form of external thermal insulation, the thermal stability of the inner side of the outer wall also increases. When the indoor air temperature rises or falls, the inner side of the wall can absorb or release more energy, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the room temperature, thereby making the indoor heat The environment is improved and the comfort of the indoor environment is improved.

Since the thermal insulation layer is outside the main structure, the stress caused by the temperature deformation of the main structure and the ultraviolet rays in the atmosphere and the harmful substances on the wall are reduced, thereby improving the durability of the main structure and prolonging the life of the structure.

Because the outer insulation of the outer wall of the wall blocks the gap between the “heat bridge” and the wall itself, the heat insulation and air tightness of the construction project are greatly improved, which not only helps to save energy consumption in winter heating, but also benefits summer. Insulation and energy saving in air conditioning.

In terms of comprehensive construction period, one of the drawbacks of internal insulation is that after the main body is completed, most of the internal processes can be carried out after the internal insulation is completed, and the cross-operation will affect the construction period. The internal and external operations of external thermal insulation can be carried out at the same time. Although the operation is difficult, the comprehensive construction period is not necessarily longer than the internal insulation. If the advanced technology of external insulation and one-time pouring of the wall is adopted, the construction period will be greatly shortened compared with the internal insulation.

Therefore, the external thermal insulation technology can make up for the shortcomings of the internal thermal insulation technology in the above-mentioned energy-saving construction, use, and enclosure. Although the external thermal insulation technology is along the external development experimental stage, the supporting materials and construction techniques are still complete, and will be replaced by more reasonable materials with the development of materials and technology, but at this stage, the external thermal insulation is undoubtedly one compared with the internal thermal insulation. A more scientific and reasonable insulation technology. It is believed that under the impetus of the market economy, the external thermal insulation technology will completely replace the internal thermal insulation technology.

Most people's traditional belief that internal insulation is cheaper than external insulation, in fact, this view is one-sided. The building area of ​​external thermal insulation (65m2 per household) is 1.3~1.5m/household than the internal insulation (the internal insulation thickness is 60mm), and the indoor use area is increased by more than 2%. Of course, installing the external insulation board in a conventional manner is less effective than the internal insulation. Even so, the internal and external thermal insulation of the comprehensive economic cost is at least equivalent. For example, the thermal insulation technology of the thermal insulation board and the main structure concrete wall once poured, it is certainly more economical than the internal insulation, the price, control and monitoring take time. However, these workloads are worthy of the work of the division, deputy general manager, engineer, and bachelor degree of Qingdao Ocean Information Technology Co., Ltd., major: computer science and technology.

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