The types of sculpture crafts and the development of crafts

Sculpture Crafts Category:

Chinese sculpture and crafts are rich in variety, with numerous types based on materials and purposes. Common materials include ivory, brick, wood, stone, bamboo, fruit, shell, root, horn, porcelain, coal, and shell. Other materials such as clay, plastic, dough, butter, and porcelain are also used. In terms of function, they can be categorized into desk sculptures, daily-use sculptures, architectural sculptures, religious sculptures, tomb sculptures, and toy sculptures. Desk sculptures are small decorative items placed on shelves or tables for viewing. Daily-use sculptures include items like stone lamps, seals, and bamboo tea boxes. Architectural sculptures are often used for decoration in buildings, while religious sculptures include Buddha statues and altars. Tomb sculptures may consist of bricks, pottery, or other materials, and toy sculptures are made for children, often from ceramic or plastic.

Process Development:

Wood carving has a long history, beginning during the Shang Dynasty with simple engravings on pottery and carved boards. Over time, it evolved into three-dimensional round carving. The Han Dynasty saw significant development, pushing Chinese woodcarving to its peak. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the techniques became more refined. The Ming and Qing Dynasties marked the mature era of classical Chinese woodcarving, with a wide range of subjects, including animals, people, and more.

Woodcarving is one of the most popular and collectible art forms. It holds an important place in the history of art, featuring diverse styles and classification methods. Each type of woodcarving showcases the beauty of natural materials and the skill of artisans. Experts classify woodcarving into two main categories: craft woodcarving and art woodcarving.

Craft Woodcarving

Craft woodcarving includes both decorative and practical pieces. Decorative works are displayed on tables, shelves, or cases, often created using three-dimensional carving techniques, such as animals, flowers, and zodiac symbols. Practical pieces combine functionality with artistic design, like palace lanterns, picture frames, pen holders, jewelry boxes, piggy banks, and furniture carvings.

Art Woodcarving

Art woodcarving refers to creative and meaningful works that reflect the artist's aesthetic and technical skills. These pieces highlight the charm of woodcarving and the beauty of eco-friendly materials. They serve as decorative elements that enhance environments, express emotions, and have high value for collection. Root carvings are a common example of this style.

Round Sculpture

Round sculpture, also known as three-dimensional sculpture, allows viewers to see the object from all angles. This form fully expresses the artistic essence of the piece, offering a dynamic visual experience from top to bottom and side to side.

Relief Carving

Relief carving involves creating a raised image on a flat surface, blending elements of sculpture and painting. It is a unique form of artistic expression that adds depth and dimension to two-dimensional spaces.

Root Carving

Root carving uses the natural shapes of roots, including tree knots and bamboo roots, as a base. Through artistic processing and craftsmanship, these roots are transformed into images of people, animals, and objects. This art form celebrates the beauty of nature and demonstrates the creativity of the artisan. As the saying goes, "Three parts labor, seven parts success."

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