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Tuberose cultivation management skills
Cultivation management skills: Tuberose is typically planted between April and May. Before planting, bulbs should be pre-treated by soaking them for 10 to 15 days in water, then kept at a temperature of 25°C to 30°C. Large bulbs and old bulbs from the previous year (commonly referred to as "old disabilities") should be planted separately. The spacing for large bulbs should be around 20 cm x 25 cm or 30 cm, while smaller bulbs require closer spacing, such as 10 cm x 15 cm. The planting depth should be slightly shallower than other bulb types, depending on the purpose of cultivation, soil type, and bulb size. A common rule is "deep long ball, shallow twitching," meaning deeper planting helps the bulb grow and expand, while shallow planting promotes flowering.
It is recommended that large bulbs be planted with the bud tip slightly above the ground. For small bulbs and residual ones, the bud tip should be level with or slightly below the soil surface. Tuberose takes time to emerge, often over a month, but grows quickly once it does. In the early stages, watering should be moderate due to the small seedlings and leaves. Once stems start to appear and during the early flowering stage, ensure the soil remains consistently moist.
Fertilization should be done regularly. Apply fertilizer once a month after planting, and again before flowering. Then apply every one and a half to two months. Be sure to manage drainage and remove flower stalks during the rainy season. Before the first frost in late autumn, dig up the bulbs, let them dry slightly, clean off the soil and roots, and thinly slice the bottom of the bulb to reveal a white color. Continue drying until fully dry, then braid the remaining leaves into a bundle and store in a warm, dry place for winter. Alternatively, you can hang the bulbs inside a room where a stove is used for baking and smoking.
Initially, maintain a temperature of 25°C to 26°C to gradually reduce the moisture in the bulb, causing the outer skin to wrinkle. Lower the temperature to 15°C to 20°C until spring. After baking, the bulb should be completely dry, which forces it into dormancy, benefiting its growth and flower bud development in the next growing season. The bulbs can also be dried and stacked in a dry, sunny area, covered with straw and soil, and buried for winter. Alternatively, they can be replanted every 2 to 3 years, although this may result in lower quality blooms and less uniform flowering.
Choose well-drained land for planting and apply base fertilizer. Separate large, small, and previously bloomed bulbs when planting. Large bulbs should be spaced 25 cm apart, while small bulbs should be placed about 10 cm apart. Plant the bulbs slightly shallower than usual. The top of the large bulb should be slightly exposed, while the small bulbs and old ones should be placed just below the soil surface. Old bulbs that bloomed last year will not bloom again, but they will produce many small bulbs around them.
The principle "deep long ball, shallow twitching" should guide the planting depth. In the early stages, avoid overwatering due to the small seedlings. When flower buds are about to appear, provide adequate water and nutrients. During summer, keep the soil consistently moist. After the above-ground parts wither, cover the bulbs with leaves or hay in southern regions to protect them from freezing. However, it’s best to dig up the bulbs, dry them, clean them, and braid the remaining leaves. Dry them completely and store them in a warm, dry place. Ensure the room stays above 4°C.
Tuberose can also be grown in pots. By planting the bulbs in a greenhouse in late November, you can enjoy blooms as early as April or May. While this method is more convenient for commercial growers, it might be less practical for home gardeners.