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Shanghai Consumer Protection Committee purchased half of the experience of commercially available PM2.5 protective masks worrying
"‘The only choice for outdoor isolation of PM2.5’," "‘Antibacterial and anti-mite, a dust cover’," "‘Filtration efficiency of PM2.5 airborne particles and bacteria exceeds 99%’..." As urban air quality worsens, it's common to see various masks being marketed with impressive filtration and protective features. But the real question is: do these PM2.5 protective masks actually work?
To find out, the Shanghai Consumer Protection Committee acted as a regular consumer, purchasing 17 samples (including two from physical stores and 15 from online retailers). These were then tested by the Shanghai Labor Protection Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Station on key performance indicators such as filtration efficiency, total leakage rate, inhalation resistance, and exhalation resistance.
Filtration efficiency is one of the most important factors in determining a mask’s effectiveness. It measures the percentage of particulate matter that a mask can filter under controlled conditions. The test results showed that 7 out of 17 samples had a filtration efficiency above 90%, meaning they provided better protection. However, 8 samples had filtration efficiency below 50%, with the lowest at just 6.5%. Despite some claims of high filtration rates, experts warn that poor fit can significantly reduce the actual protective value. This is why the total leakage rate is another critical factor.
Out of the 17 samples, 15 were tested for leakage rate, and only 5 had a leakage rate below 10%, indicating good sealing. On the other hand, 6 samples had a leakage rate over 50%, which means they offered minimal protection.
In addition to filtration and leakage, the ease of breathing is also an important consideration. The inhalation resistance ranged from 26 to 274 Pa, while exhalation resistance was between 21 and 119 Pa. High resistance could make the mask uncomfortable, especially during prolonged use.
Product labeling plays a crucial role in helping consumers choose the right mask. A properly labeled mask should include details like the product name, brand, manufacturer information, model, standards it meets, filter grade, certification, user manual, production date, and shelf life. Experts advise consumers to look for masks with “LA†(labor protection) labels or those marked with both “LA†and “QS†symbols. Always check the product identification, ensure all necessary information is clearly listed, and avoid washing disposable masks, as they are usually made through complex processes and are not meant for reuse.
With so many options available, it's essential to be informed and cautious when choosing a PM2.5 mask to ensure it actually provides the protection you need.