Autumn is an important season for orchard management, as it plays a crucial role in preparing the trees for the next growing season. Proper care during this period can significantly improve tree health, fruit quality, and overall yield. Here are some key practices to follow during autumn: 1. Autumn Fertilization Autumn fertilization should be done in the first ten days of September, when root growth reaches its peak. This timing allows the roots to absorb nutrients more effectively. Base fertilizer should be applied at a depth of 40 to 60 cm, with about 25 to 35 kg of soil-fertilized fertilizer per plant, along with 1 to 2 kg of special fruit tree fertilizer. The amount can be adjusted based on the tree's potential and yield. Foliar fertilizer should also be used. In late August, spray 0.3% to 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate two to three times. In September, apply 0.5% urea twice, with a ten-day interval between applications. At the end of September, spray a solution of 50 ppm gibberellin mixed with 0.5% urea once to promote fruit development and enhance tree resilience. 2. Autumn Pruning Pruning during autumn helps improve air circulation and light penetration. Remove branches that block sunlight or hinder ventilation, such as upright shoots, floor-level branches, and back shoots. Also, cut off any new sprouts that appear in the fall. Branch opening is another important technique. The best time to open branches is from August to September, aiming to open them to 70 to 80 degrees. For larger branches, open them up to 80 to 90 degrees. When pulling branches, ensure that the base of the tree is not less than 1 meter high and that the branches are balanced, creating a "flat, straight, and even" structure without overlapping or bending. 3. Pest Control Several common diseases occur during autumn. For leaf spot disease, use 10% polyoxymycin diluted 1000 times or 1500 times. For fruit rot, apply 70% methyl thiophanate diluted 700 times, 30% compound carbendazim diluted 500 times, or 70% mancozeb diluted 800 times. To control red spider mites, use 30% moth hydrazine diluted 1500 times, 56% buckwheat fruit extract diluted 300 times, or 7051 insecticide diluted 2000 to 3000 times. For borer insects, apply 30% Peach Healer EC diluted 1000 times or 25% Huifeng EC diluted 1000 times during their breeding season. For the golden moth, use 25% chlorpyrifos diluted 2000 times, 30% moth mite solution diluted 1500 times, or 4000 times to eliminate bell vein pests. 4. Autumn Soil Turning Autumn soil turning helps deepen the plow layer, promoting both vertical and horizontal root growth, which increases the total root mass. It also disrupts the overwintering sites of pests, providing natural pest control benefits. The depth of soil turning should be around 30 to 35 cm for young trees and 35 to 40 cm for fruit-bearing trees. Avoid turning near the tree trunks or in rows, especially in clay soils, to prevent waterlogging and reduce the risk of damage during the rainy season. By following these four key practices—fertilization, pruning, pest control, and soil turning—farmers can ensure their orchards remain healthy and productive throughout the year. These steps not only support current tree growth but also lay a strong foundation for future harvests. Check Valves,Dual Plates Wafer Check Valve,Dual Plate Non-Return Valve,Water Butterfly Check Valve ZHITONG PIPE VALVE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD , https://www.ztongvalve.com