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Insulating glass composite strip formula
Insulating glass consists of two or more layers of flat glass, bonded and sealed together using high-strength, air-tight composite adhesives. These glass panes are held in place with sealing strips and glass spacers, creating a sealed cavity filled with dry gas. A desiccant is also placed inside the frame to maintain dryness between the glass sheets. This type of glass can be customized with various types of original glass, such as clear float glass, patterned glass, heat-absorbing glass, reflective glass, wired glass, and tempered glass, depending on the specific requirements. The frame can be made from aluminum or other suitable materials, and the assembly is typically done through bonding, welding, or glazing.
The structure of insulating glass is commonly seen in double-glazed units. It can be manufactured with original glass thicknesses ranging from 3 mm to 12 mm, and the air gap between the panes can be set at 6 mm, 9 mm, or 12 mm, depending on the desired insulation level.
(1) Technical Requirements for Green Clean Insulating Glass, as outlined in GB11944-89:
a. **Materials**:
Glass can include flat glass, laminated glass, patterned glass, heat-absorbing glass, coated reflective glass, and tempered glass. Float glass must meet the standards of GB11614 for first-class or premium products. Laminated glass should comply with GB9962, while tempered glass must adhere to GB9963.
b. **Sealant**:
The color difference between the first and second sealant components must be clearly distinguishable. The shelf life of the sealant should exceed six months. For hidden-frame curtain walls, the second sealant must be silicone-based and meet all performance requirements of the insulating glass.
c. **Spacer Box**:
If an aluminum spacer is used, it must undergo anodization and decontamination treatment.
d. **Desiccant**:
The quality, size, and performance of the desiccant must meet the manufacturing and functional requirements of insulating glass.
2. **Dimensional Tolerances**:
- **Length/Width Tolerance**:
- 1000–2000 mm: ±2.5 mm
- >2000–2500 mm: ±3 mm
3. **Thickness Tolerance**:
- ≤6 mm: ±1.5 mm (for 18–25 mm nominal thickness)
- >6 mm: ±2 mm (for >25 mm nominal thickness)
*Note: Nominal thickness includes both glass panes and the spacer frame.*
4. **Diagonal Tolerance**:
- ≥1000–2500 mm: ±6 mm
5. **Sealant Width**:
- Single-seal layer: Minimum width of 10±2 mm.
- Double-seal outer layer: Minimum width of 5–7 mm.
6. **Appearance**:
- The inner surface must be free from stains, adhesive splatter, or any defects that could impair visibility.
7. **Performance Standards**:
Insulating glass must pass tests for sealing, dew point, UV resistance, climate cycling, and high temperature/humidity conditions, according to GB7020. The seal pressure must be lower than ambient by 10±0.5 kPa, and the thickness increase must be ≥0.8 mm. After maintaining pressure for 2.5 hours, the dew point temperature must be ≤-40°C. No condensation or frost should appear on the inner surface after 3 minutes. UV exposure for 168 hours should not cause fogging or contamination. Climate cycle and high-temperature/humidity tests require 320 cycles for climate testing and 224 cycles for high-temperature/humidity. At least 11 out of 12 samples must show no condensation or frost. For hidden-frame curtain walls, the second sealant must be silicone-based and compatible with structural sealants. If silicone is used for structural assembly, it’s recommended to use the same type for the insulating glass sealant.
(2) Performance of Green Clean Insulating Glass:
The thermal conductivity of glass is about 27 times higher than that of air. When properly sealed, insulating glass provides optimal thermal insulation. Optical properties, including light transmission and reflection, are detailed in Table 4-33. The comparison of optical performance between single and double-layer insulating glass is shown in Table 4-34. Thermal insulation properties are listed in Table 4-35. Noise levels for different environments are presented in Table 4-36, and sound insulation performance is given in Table 4-37.
(3) Features of Green Clean Insulating Glass:
The presence of an air cavity between the glass panes gives insulating glass excellent thermal and acoustic insulation properties. By filling the cavity with diffused light materials or dielectric substances, enhanced sound control, light management, and heat insulation can be achieved.
(4) Applications of Green Clean Insulating Glass:
This type of glass is widely used in buildings requiring heating, cooling, noise reduction, or condensation prevention, especially where natural light or special lighting is needed. It is commonly found in residential, hotel, office, school, hospital, and retail spaces. Additionally, it is used in train, car, and ship windows, as well as in refrigeration cabinets and other specialized applications.
In summary, insulating glass serves as an essential component in modern building design, offering superior thermal, acoustic, and visual performance. Its optical properties, thermal conductivity, and sound insulation coefficient must meet national standards to ensure long-term durability and efficiency.