Industrial enterprise profits increased by 15.5% in May

The National Bureau of Statistics announced on the 27th that in May, industrial enterprises above designated size achieved a total profit of 470.55 billion yuan, representing a 15.5% year-on-year increase. This growth rate marked a significant improvement compared to April, rising by 6.2 percentage points. The data also revealed that from January to May, the cumulative profits of these enterprises reached 2,081.25 billion yuan, up 12.3% compared to the same period last year. Within this figure, the main business profit stood at 2,231.27 billion yuan, an increase of 11.4% year-on-year. At the end of May, accounts receivable for these enterprises totaled 870.67 billion yuan, up 13.7% compared to the previous year. Meanwhile, the inventory of finished products reached 3,144.43 billion yuan, showing a 7.1% rise over the same period last year. Starting in May, the National Bureau of Statistics began reporting main business profit separately within the total profit. Main business profit is calculated as the difference between main business revenue and associated costs, taxes, and expenses. This metric provides a more direct reflection of industrial production activities. In May, the main business profit for national industrial enterprises above designated size was 497.14 billion yuan, up 8.8% compared to the same period last year. However, the growth rate was 2.8 percentage points lower than in April. Wen Caixia, a senior researcher at the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology’s Industrial Economics Research Center, noted that this suggests “enterprise profitability remains weak.” She pointed out that while foreign trade may remain stable in the second half of the year, export-oriented companies need to accelerate product upgrades. If overcapacity and insufficient demand persist, deflationary pressures could continue, leading to greater profit disparities across industries. Zhou Jingwei, a senior analyst at the Bank of China's Institute of International Finance, observed that although the overall profit growth of industrial enterprises accelerated in May, the slower growth in main business profits reflects the current economic conditions. He explained that the slowdown in main business profits mirrors the broader economic slowdown in the first half of the year. However, the continued expansion of the real estate sector has contributed to the acceleration of corporate profit growth. Regardless of the source of profit, Zhou said, it signals a potential improvement in industrial production. Looking ahead, three key factors are expected to drive steady growth in industrial output: a slight rebound in the PMI index, which rose to 50.8% in May—the second-highest level in 13 months; the end of the destocking phase, with finished goods inventory increasing by 8% by the end of April; and a recovery in both foreign trade and domestic consumption, as export delivery values rose by 3.5% in May. Zhou also noted that industrial added value is expected to grow by 9.5% in the third quarter of 2013, slightly higher than the second quarter. However, he acknowledged that this improvement is relative to the second quarter and not a full recovery. The issue of severe overcapacity will continue to challenge industrial production in the near future.

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