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High-voltage electric energy measurement becomes the key to the construction of energy measurement system
In a major breakthrough, the "Eleventh Five-Year" National Science and Technology Support Plan project led by the China Institute of Metrology, titled "Research on Key Technologies of High-Voltage Energy Measurement Standards and Traceability," has successfully passed expert review by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. This achievement marks a significant milestone in the field of energy measurement, as the research team has developed the world's first 10kV, 35kV, and 110kV high-voltage energy measurement standard devices and on-site calibration systems. The project also pioneers on-site calibration practices for high-voltage power grids, making China the first country to develop high-voltage energy measurement standards and master on-site calibration techniques for high-voltage metering.
With growing global emphasis on energy conservation, emission reduction, and resource efficiency, coupled with ongoing reforms in China’s power industry, there is an increasing need for advanced integration of sensor technology, communication systems, computer science, and traditional grid infrastructure. Smart grids are now at the forefront of this transformation, with high-voltage energy metering becoming a critical component of national energy measurement systems.
Currently, high-voltage energy meters worldwide face challenges such as incomplete verification, inaccurate readings, and the inability to detect electricity theft. These issues stem from reliance on outdated transformer technologies, which make it difficult to create accurate simulation models of power grids. The most significant challenge lies in developing high-voltage, high-current standard power sources that can maintain precision at a high level.
To address these problems, researchers at the China Academy of Metrology Sciences began exploring this field in 2004. After nearly a decade of dedicated research and collaboration, the team introduced innovative concepts like I/V and V/V technology, as well as the "safe virtual space" approach. They successfully developed high-precision 10kV, 35kV, and 110kV/1000A energy metering standard equipment (with 0.02% accuracy) and three-phase four-wire field calibration devices (with 0.2% accuracy). These innovations enable precise indoor verification and real-time on-site calibration of energy meters under actual high-voltage conditions, fundamentally transforming the landscape of high-voltage energy measurement.
According to Zheng Zhijue, the project leader and director of the Engineering Research Institute at the China Institute of Scientific Research and Engineering, the team has also proposed a technical framework for building a smart metering grid. This solution serves as the foundation for the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) in smart grid development. It not only improves the accuracy of online electricity metering in China but also enables real-time monitoring of the entire grid. With this system, grid operators can track every kWh, identify losses on each branch, and monitor measurement errors at the end of the network. Any instance of theft or leakage can be detected instantly, enhancing grid management, promoting energy efficiency, and ensuring the safety of China’s power infrastructure.