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High-voltage electric energy measurement becomes the key to the construction of energy measurement system
In a significant breakthrough, the "Eleventh Five-Year" National Science and Technology Support Plan project led by the China Institute of Metrology—titled "Research on Key Technologies of High-Voltage Energy Measurement Standards and Traceability"—has successfully passed expert evaluation by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. This marks a major milestone in the field of high-voltage energy measurement, as the research team has developed the world's first 10kV, 35kV, and 110kV high-voltage energy measurement standard devices and on-site calibration systems. The project also pioneered on-site calibration practices for high-voltage power grids, making China the first country to successfully develop high-voltage energy measurement standards and master on-site calibration techniques for high-voltage grid metering.
With the global emphasis on energy conservation, emission reduction, and resource efficiency, along with reforms in China’s power industry, there has been a growing need to integrate advanced technologies such as sensors, communication systems, computing, and traditional power grid infrastructure. This has led to the development of smart grids, where high-voltage energy metering has become a central focus in building a national energy measurement system.
Currently, many countries face challenges in accurately verifying and calibrating high-voltage energy measurement devices, leading to issues like electricity theft and imprecise measurements. A key limitation is the reliance on outdated transformer technology, which makes it difficult to create standard devices that can simulate real-world power grids. The most challenging aspect lies in developing high-voltage, high-current standard power sources with exceptional accuracy.
To address these issues, researchers at the China Academy of Metrology Sciences began exploring this area in 2004. After nearly a decade of dedicated research and collaborative efforts over the past three years, the team introduced innovative concepts such as I/V and V/V technology, as well as the high-voltage "safe virtual space." They successfully developed high-precision 10kV, 35kV, and 110kV/1000A energy metering standard equipment (with an accuracy of 0.02%) and safe virtual ground three-phase four-wire calibration devices (with an accuracy of 0.2%). These innovations have fundamentally solved the problem of indoor verification of high-voltage energy metering parameters and enabled online calibration of energy measurement equipment under actual high-voltage conditions, marking a revolutionary advancement in the field.
According to Zheng Zhijue, the project leader and director of the Engineering Research Institute at the China Institute of Scientific Research and Engineering, the team has not only developed a field calibration device for high-voltage energy measurement but also proposed a technical solution for establishing a smart metering grid. This solution serves as the foundation for the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) within smart grid projects. It not only addresses the challenge of accurate online electricity metering in China but also enables real-time monitoring of the entire grid, including tracking each kilowatt-hour, identifying grid losses on individual branches, and detecting measurement errors at the end of the grid. Additionally, it allows for the timely identification of any electricity theft or leakage, significantly enhancing national grid management, promoting energy efficiency, and ensuring the safety and stability of China’s power system.